專題二介詞和動詞短語課件

1、2022/7/24專題二介詞和動詞短語清單一介詞一、方位介詞1.圖解方位介詞知識清單如:The little mouse is under the table,so it is not easy to find it.那只小老鼠在桌子底下,因此不容易找到它。The Great Wall winds its way from west to east,across deserts,over moun-tains,through valleys,till at last it reaches the sea.長城從西向東穿過沙漠,跨過高山,穿過深谷,蜿蜒而行,直到最后直抵大海。題組訓練用介詞完成句

2、子The sunlight came inthrough (穿過)the windows in the roof and lit up the whole room.The bicycle is beyond (不能)repair.2.among,betweenThey hid themselves among the trees.他們躲在樹林中。She is the youngest among the three sisters.她是三個姐妹中最年輕的。There was a fight between the two boys.這兩個男孩子打過一次架。Im usually free be

3、tween Tuesday and Thursday.我通常在星期二與星期四之間有空。among用于三者或三者以上的“在中間”,常指數目不確定的事物between其賓語往往是表示兩者的名詞或代詞,或者是由and連接的兩個人或物題組訓練用介詞between,among填空Some students often listen to musicbetween classes to refresh them-selves.He found it among a pile of old books.3.in,on二者均可表示“在上”,描述兩個物體的接觸情況。on側重于表面接觸,而in側重于接觸的深度。英

4、語中的某些習慣表達常用in或on。若打擊某人的臉、眼、嘴、胸、腹等部位時,用in,而打擊頭、額、鼻、耳、頸、肩、腿等部位時,用on。表示樹本身生長出來的枝、葉、花、果等,用on the tree,但表示樹本身以外的人或動物“在樹上”,用in the tree,意指被枝葉遮掩其中。如:We found a square hole in the wall.我們發現墻上有個方洞。 The teacher patted the boy on the head and comforted him.老師輕輕拍著那個男孩兒的頭安慰他。There are lots of apples on the tree.

5、樹上有很多蘋果。題組訓練用介詞in,on填空There is a map of the worldon the wall.Birds are singingin the tree.【比較】 across與on有關,意為“from one side to the other side of (sth.)”,強調從物體的表面進行,從一邊到另一邊through與in有關,表示動作從物體的內部穿過4.across,through此外,across與靜態動詞連用時表示“在(街、河等)對面”或“在(身體某部位)上”的意思。如:The school is across the river.學校在河的對岸。H

6、e has a giant scar across his chest.他胸前有塊巨大的傷疤。題組訓練用介詞across,through填空My house is justacross the street.Water will be pumpedthrough a pipe.Do you think this shirt is too tightacross the shoulders?5.over,above;under,below(1)over和above都有“在之上”的意思,但over往往表示“在的正上方”,其反義詞為under,而above往往表示“在的斜上方”,其反義詞為below

7、。over還可表示“(部分或全部覆蓋)在上面”的意思。如:You cant wear a blue jacket over that shirt.Itll look terrible.你不能把一件藍夾克穿在那件襯衫外面。那將會很難看。(2)over和above都可以表示在數量上“多于”的意思,但above 一般用于表示與“最低限度”或“標準”有關的事物,而over則表示“多于”,相當于more than,其反義詞是under(=less than)。如:1,000 meters above sea level 海拔1000米two degrees above zero 零上2度Hes over

8、 fifty.他已年過半百。Its under a mile from here to the post office.此處距郵局不足一英里。(3)above表示“級別、 地位、重要性等高于”,over則強調“控制、掌握、權威、優越”等。如:He always puts his students above everything.他總是把自己的學生置于一切事情之上。He has little control over his emotions.他控制不住自己的感情。題組訓練用介詞over,above填空Shes been here forover two hours.她在這里已超過兩小時了。

9、A great person is always putting others interests above his own.偉人總是置他人利益高于自己的利益之上。He isabove average intelligence.他的智力在一般水平以上。in表示在某范圍之內on強調“毗鄰”“接壤”to表示在某范圍之外off強調兩地之間有一小段距離6.in, on ,to ,off表示位置關系Shandong Province is/lies in the east of China.(在某范圍之內)山東省在/位于中國東部。Shandong Province is/lies to the nor

10、theast of Hubei Province.(在某范圍之外)山東省在/位于湖北省東北邊。Russia is/lies on the north of China.(接壤)俄羅斯在/位于中國北邊。Lily lives in a flat just off Bridge Avenue.(兩地隔著一小段距離)莉莉住在離大橋街不遠的一處公寓里。題組訓練用介詞in,to,off填空Japan is/liesto the east of China.Beijing liesin the north of China.The Well Hotel stands in a quiet placeoff

11、the main road at the far end of the lake.二、時間介詞1.at,in,on(1)at的用法1)表示時間的一點,時刻等,如:at 12:00,at noon(在中午),at night(在夜里),at midnight(在半夜),at dawn/daybreak(在黎明,破曉),at sunrise/sunset(在日出/日落),at dusk(在黃昏)。2)表示較短暫的一段時間,可指某個節日或被認為是一年中標志大事的日子,如:at Christmas在圣誕節。(2)in的用法表示在某段較長的時間內(如:世紀、朝代、年代、月份及泛指上午、下午和傍晚等),如

12、:in the 1980s/1980s,in the Qing dynasty,in October,in the morning/afternoon/evening。(3)on的用法1)用于表示具體的日子或一個特定的時間(如:某日、某節日、星期幾等),如:on October the first,on a rainy day,on National Day等。2)用于表示特定的上午、下午或晚上,如:on Christmas Eve(在圣誕節前夕),on the morning of January the third,on the afternoon of his arrival等。3)準時

13、,按時:on time。題組訓練翻譯下列詞組在星期天上午on Sunday morning(s) 在三月初at the beginning of March 在兒童節on Childrens Day 在19世紀20年代in the 1820s/1820s 2.in,afterin表示時間時,in表示“在之內”。有時in可以表“在之后”,但表示此意時,必須具備兩個條件:1.所在句子是將來時;2.表示的是一段時間after意為“在之后”。通?！癮fter+時間段=時間段+later”與過去時連用?！癮fter+時間點”與將來時連用My father will be back in three da

14、ys.我父親將在3天以后回來。My father will be back after three oclock.我父親將在3點后回來。My father came back after three days/three days later.我父親是3天后回來的。題組訓練用in,after,later填空It will be finishedin an hour.He returnedafter a few days.They finished their lessons at four and a little whilelater they went out to take a walk

15、.3.for,from,sincefor后接時間段,表示行為或狀態持續了多久;from后接時間點,表示行為或狀態的起始點,而不涉及其持續時間的長短;since后接時間點,不僅表示行為或狀態的起始點,而且還強調該行為或狀態從起始點一直持續到說話的時刻,因而常與延續性動詞的完成時連用。如: Mr.Brown enjoyed the country life and lived there for almost fifteen years after his retirement.布朗先生喜歡鄉村生活,退休后他在那里生活了差不多15年。My younger sister began to learn

16、 dance from the age of five.我的妹妹從5歲開始學習舞蹈。Tom has been doing his homework since seven oclock.湯姆從7點開始就一直做他的家庭作業。題組訓練用for,from,since填空From then on she knew she would win.I lost my money and I have been worriedsince then.He stood there for a while, and then went away sadly.4.during,through,over(1)durin

17、g的用法during指某個動作或狀態在某個時間段里或整個過程中斷斷續續地發生過多次,或在整個時間段里的某一點發生過,起止時間比較明顯。如: He often falls asleep during the class.課上他常常打瞌睡。 He swims every day during the summer.夏季他每天都游泳。(2)through的用法 through:在期間;從開頭到結尾(所指時間包括在內,此時與throughout相同)。如: Tom bore up well under the strain of supporting his family through his fa

18、-thers illness. 在父親生病期間,湯姆堅強地頂住了養家的壓力。(3)over的用法over意為:while doing,having,eating,etc.(sth.)在(做)期間。如: We had a pleasant chat over a cup of tea.我們一邊喝茶一邊愉快地聊天。 此外,over還有“throughout(a period)貫穿(一時間段)”的意思,等于dur-ing。如:He will stay in Wales over/during Christmas and the New Year.他將在威爾士度過圣誕和新年。題組訓練用during,o

19、ver填空Lets discuss itover lunch.They only met twice during the whole time they were neighbours.5.before,by, till, until(1)before的用法before:早于;在之前。如: The new road will be completed before the end of the year. 這條新道路將在年底以前建成。(2)by的用法1)表示“不遲于,在(某時)前”。如:All of you are to arrive at school by seven oclock.你們

20、所有人必須在7點鐘前到校。2)表示“在期間,在時間內”。如: He worked by night and slept by day.他晚上工作,白天睡覺。(3)until和till的用法1)until是比較正式的用法。在肯定句中和延續性動詞連用,表示動作一直持續到until后面的時間為止;在否定句中和非延續性動詞連用,表示該動作直到until后面的時間才開始。如:I shall wait until ten oclock.我將等到10點鐘。I didnt go to sleep until midnight.直到半夜我才睡覺。2)till意義與until相同。如: He works from

21、 morning till night,day after day. 他日復一日從早工作到晚。題組訓練用before,by,until填空Well have finished the workby ten oclock tomorrow.I usually take a bathbefore having my breakfast.Upuntil last year,they didnt even own a car.三、表工具、手段、方式的介詞1.by,in,on三個詞都可以表示旅行的方式。(1)不涉及交通工具的名詞時用by,名詞前不帶冠詞。如:by sea,by water,by land

22、,by air等。(2)涉及交通工具的名詞時用by,但名詞需用單數,其前面不加冠詞和任何修飾語。如:by bike,by taxi,by plane,by ship/boat,by train,by spaceship等。(3)當旅行方式涉及特指的交通工具時,用on或in,名詞前應有冠詞、物主代詞、指示代詞等修飾語。如:travel to New York on this plane,go to school on my bike等。注意:步行、騎馬、騎駱駝均用on。如:on foot,on horseback/on a horse,on a camel等。題組訓練同義句轉換He went t

23、o Beijing by car.He went to Beijingin his/a car .I prefer to travel by ship.I prefer to travelby water/sea .2.with,in(1)with用于有形的工具或身體某些器官之前,其后的名詞多被冠詞、物主代詞等修飾。如:They are digging with a pick/spade.他們正在用一把鎬/鏟挖。We see with our eyes,hear with our ears,and walk with our legs.我們用眼睛看,用耳朵聽,用腿走路。(2)in如:Pleas

24、e answer me in English.請用英語回答我。Please write in capital letters.請用大寫字母寫。The artist wrote in ink/pencil(= with a pen/a pencil).那個藝術家用鋼筆/鉛筆寫字。(3)注意以下固定短語:on/over the telephone/radio通過電話/廣播用這/那種方式題組訓練用by,over,in,on填空This form is writtenin ink.This toy is not machine-made.It is madeby hand.In the morning

25、 I usually listen to the newsover/on the radio.四、表原因的介詞1.with多用于表示情緒的形容詞或身體動作或狀態的動詞之后,表示某種心理或心理狀態的原因。2.for多與表示感情的抽象名詞或動名詞及reason,famous等詞連用。3.from常接抽象名詞,表示自然或間接原因。4.of用于某些形容詞后,后接與感情相關的人或事。5.over常用于帶有感情色彩的動詞,如:cry,quarrel,laugh,sigh等詞之后,敘述所發生事情的原因。如:Her face went red with anger.她氣得臉都紅了。The West Lake

26、is famous for its scenery.西湖以它的景色而聞名。五、表示支持、反對的介詞against表示反對,此外還有“緊靠,逆著,相反,在襯托下,與相比”之意for支持,贊成Are you for or against the new road scheme?你對修建新道路的計劃是贊成還是反對?She was forced to marry against her will.她被迫違心地嫁了人。Thats against the law.那是違法的。The skiers red clothes stood out clearly against the snow.滑雪者的紅衣服在

27、雪的襯托下顯得分外醒目。題組訓練介詞填空Most of the students are for the idea, although a few of them dont agree with it.Tired,Jim was fast asleep with his backagainst a big tree.六、其他常考介詞1.besides,except,but,other than,except for的區別(1)用于否定句時,besides,except與but可相互替換。如:No other students passed the difficult maths exam ex

28、cept/besides/but Lin Tao and Wu Dong.除林濤、吳東外沒有別的學生通過那么難的數學考試。(2)用于肯定句時的區別1)except意為:not including除之外(不再有)。We all passed the exam except Tom.除湯姆沒及格外,我們都及格了。(湯姆沒及格)2)besides意為:in addition to 除之外(還有)。如:We have lots of things in common besides music.除了音樂,我們還有很多共同點。注意:besides在句中的位置較靈活,可放在句首,亦可放在句中;而excep

29、t 多放在句中。此外,except前幾乎總有all,any,every,no及其復合詞。如:He answered all the questions except the last one.除最后一個問題沒有回答外,其余所有問題他都回答了。I have a few friends besides you.除了你之外,我還有幾個朋友。3)except for表示“除了”之意,它所敘述的事實或細節部分用來修正句子的主要意思。如:The composition is good except for a few spelling mistakes.這篇作文寫得很好,只是有些拼寫錯誤。Your coa

30、t is good except for its color.你的外套很好,就是顏色不太好。注意:當except用于句首時,后面往往要加上for。如:Except for this,everything is in good order.=Everything is in good order except this.除此之外,一切正常。(3)except和but/other than都可接名詞、代詞、動名詞,可以互換;但ex-cept后接副詞、介詞短語、when從句等時,but/other than不可替換ex-cept。如:He has always been in high spirit

31、s except recently.除近來外,他總是精神飽滿。(副詞)The window is never opened except in summer.除夏季外,這扇窗戶從不打開。(介詞短語)He has always been busy except when it is Sunday.除星期日外,他總是很忙。(when從句)(4)but,except后都可接that從句作賓語。如:I asked nothing from him but/except that he should write to me every other week.我對他并無其他要求,只要他每隔一周給我寫一封信

32、。(5)以上講了besides作介詞時的用法。另外,besides還可用作副詞,意為“in addition;also;moreover;furthermore(而且,還有)”。如:I dont want to go;besides,I am too tired.我不想去。再說,我也太累了。This is my best suit;besides,I have two others.這是我最好的一套衣服,我另外還有兩套。題組訓練用except,except for,besides填空I know nothing about the young ladyexcept that she is fr

33、om Bei-jing.I dont mind picking up your things from the store.Besides,the walk does me good.The car is niceexcept for the color.2.for與to接后置的間接賓語(1)buy/cook/fetch/find/get/make/order/save.+sth.+for+sb.(2)bring/give/lend/offer/pay/pass/promise/read/return/send/show/tell/throw/write.+sth.+to+sb.3.形容詞后的

34、for與to英語中經常遇見一些形容詞與介詞for或to搭配。這種搭配非常靈活,現將幾種常見的搭配情況簡述如下:(1)當形容詞被副詞too或enough修飾時,其后只能用for。如: The shirt is too large for me.這件襯衫對我來說太大了。(2)當側重于與別人比較,有“對而言”之意時,常用for。如:Chinese is very difficult for me.I cant learn it.中文對我來說太難了,我學不會。(3)當側重于主觀看法或感覺,有“在看來”之意時,常用to。如:Chinese is very difficult to me,but Ill

35、try my best to learn it.在我看來中文很難,但是我會盡全力學習的。(4)如果無特定的語境,則用for或to都可以。這時主要看說話者的態度,若說話者側重第二條所述,則用for;若說話者側重第三條所述,則用to。如:The text is very easy to/for me.在我看來這篇課文很容易/這篇課文對我來說很容易。題組訓練介詞填空These math problems are too difficultfor me.The house is big enoughfor us two.4.with 的用法with 在英語中用法繁多,在中學英語中也不例外,因此成為高考

36、熱點并不稀奇。其主要用法如下:(1)表示“和在一起,和,同,跟”。如:Mr.and Mrs.Smith were there,with their three small children.史密斯夫婦帶著他們三個年幼的孩子都在那兒。Would you like to go to the theatre with us?你愿意和我們一起去看戲嗎?You cannot see Mr.Johnson at the moment,as he is with the manager.你此刻見不到約翰遜先生,因為他和經理在一起。(2)表示兩種事物之間的相應關系或齊頭并進。如:With time passi

37、ng by,they have grown into big boys and big girls.隨著時間的流逝,他們都長成大小伙子和大姑娘了。Temperatures vary with the time of the year.溫度隨著時節而變化。(3)表示“帶有”,表伴隨。如: The waiter arrived with a cup of coffee.服務員端著一杯咖啡來了。(4)引導一個表示方式的狀語附加語。如:The stranger spoke with a foreign accent.那個陌生人說話帶外國口音。He looked at me with a frown.他

38、皺著眉頭看我。(5)指原因或理由。如:It is very stuffy in the room,with all the windows closed.由于所有窗戶都關著,屋子里非常悶。She was shivering with cold.她冷得直發抖。The small child trembled with fear.那個小孩嚇得直哆嗦。His face was red with anger.他的臉氣得通紅。題組訓練介詞填空With the help of her family and friends, she stopped smoking.What do you want to d

39、owith those old boxes?To put things in when I move to the new flat.5.by的用法(1)表示“不遲于(某時間)”的意思。如:We have to be home by ten oclock.我們10點鐘之前得到家。(2)表示“在期間(一段指明的時間)”的意思。如:They decided to travel by night.他們決定在夜里行進。(3)表示觸及或抓住人體或物體的某一部分。如:He seized me by the arm.他抓住了我的胳膊。(4)表示“由于;憑借”的意思。如:He succeeded by har

40、d work.他由于努力工作而成功了。(5)含有“以的幅度,差”的意思。如:This one is shorter than the other by three inches.這一個比另一個短三英寸。We lost the match by one goal.我們以一球之差輸了那場比賽。(6)表示買賣東西所按以計算的數或量,或付酬所按以計算的時間。如:Milk is sold by the pint,butter by the pound,and eggs by the dozen.牛奶論品脫賣,黃油論磅賣,雞蛋論打賣。(7)表示“按照”或“根據”的意思。如:By my watch,the

41、time is half past eleven.按我的表,現在是十一點半。By the expression on his face,he seemed to be displeased.從他的面部表情來看,他似乎不高興。We shall get a storm before long by the look of the sky.看天色,暴風雨就要來了。(8)表示“乘車”等。如:They always travel by air. 他們經常乘飛機旅行。題組訓練翻譯下列句子Can you finish the work by five oclock?你能在5點鐘以前完成這項工作嗎? He w

42、ent to Hangzhou by train. 他乘火車去杭州。 We sell ice creams by the thousand in summer.我們在夏天出售的冰激凌數以千計。 6.beyond的用法 (1)表示“(時間)過了,比晚,遲于”。如: They arrived beyond nine oclock.他們過了9點才到。 He delayed the matter beyond the fixed time.他把那件事拖過了規定的時間。 (2)表示“(位置)在的那邊,在以外”。如:The small village is 20 miles beyond the town

43、.那個小村莊在離城20英里以外的地方。The village is beyond the mountain.村莊在山的那邊。These students came from beyond the seas.這些學生來自海外。(3)表示“(范圍)超過,為所不及”。如:This book is beyond me.這本書我看不懂。He is living beyond his income.他的生活入不敷出。Her work is beyond praise.她的工作令人贊不絕口。Good health is beyond price.健康的身體是無價之寶。It was a case beyond

44、 the doctors skill.那位醫生治不了這種病。題組訓練介詞填空Sorry,Madam.Youd better come tomorrow because itsbeyond the visiting hours.7.名詞與介詞的固定搭配1)要求用to的名詞:access,approach,attention,key,answer,apology,introduc-tion,attitude,monument,devotion,journey,entrance,note,visit等。2)要求用in的名詞:interest,expert,pride,trouble等。3)要求用on

45、的名詞:congratulations,effect,influence等。4)要求用其他介詞的名詞:prize(for),respect(for),victory(over),struggle(with),excuse(for),(for)fear(of),(on)condition that等。5)to與情感名詞連用,表示“某種行動后產生的感覺”。to+ones+=to the of sb.這種表達法表示結果,用作狀語,位于句前、句中、句后皆可,意為“使某人的是”。為了強調,可在to前面加much。題組訓練用適當的介詞填空In order to change attitudesto emp

46、loying women,the government is bringing in new laws.I sent them my sincere congratulationson their marriage.To my anger,all of them went to the cinema without me.8.about,on,of about 指泛泛地或非正式地談論某事,其談論的內容也較為普通;而 on 則指比較有系統地或理論性較強地論述某事,其論述的內容較正式或較嚴肅。在與tell,read,know,think等動詞連用時,of側重于粗略涉及,而about涉及的情況則詳細

47、得多。如:He wrote on mathematics.他撰寫數學著作。He wrote about the school.他編寫有關這所學校的情況。It is a book on birds.那是一本論及鳥類的書。(可能是一本學術著作)It is a book about birds.那是一本關于鳥的書。(可能是一本供小孩看的關于鳥類的故事書)I know of him.我對他有所了解。(只是大致了解)9.記憶以下句子The shirts are different in color.這些襯衫顏色不同。The shirt looks beautiful on you.=You look b

48、eautiful in the shirt.這件襯衫穿在你身上很漂亮/你穿上這件襯衫很漂亮。Your account is far from (being)true/is far from(nowhere near/not any-where near )the truth.你所說的遠非事實。Papering the ceiling proved next to (=almost)impossible without a ladder.要裱糊天花板沒有梯子可以說是辦不到。Birmingham is the largest city in Britain next to London.在英國,伯

49、明翰是僅次于倫敦的最大城市。七、常考介詞短語1.介詞與名詞的常用搭配(1)at+n.表示狀態at a loss不知所措at breakfast早餐時at peace處于和平中at rest靜止,不動at sea在海上,在航海at war在戰爭中at work在工作(2)at+n.表示時間at Christmas在圣誕節at dusk在黃昏at dawn在黎明at daybreak在拂曉at midnight在午夜at night在夜里at noon在正午at present目前at sunrise日出時(3)以at開頭的介詞短語at the beginning of在的開始at the cos

50、t of以的代價at the end of在的盡頭at the foot of在腳下at the mercy of在支配下;任由擺布at the price of以的價格at the risk of冒的危險at the sight of一看到就(4)on+n.表示狀態on a trip/journey/tour在旅行on display陳列on duty/guard在值班/警戒中on exhibition在展出on fire著火on holiday/vacation在度假on line在工作(或運行)on sale出售,打折on show在展出on the decrease在減少on the

51、go在忙碌中on the increase在增加on the march在進行中on the way在途中on trial在受審(5)以on開頭的介詞短語on account of因為on behalf of代表on condition that在的條件下,如果on no account/condition/occasion決不on the basis of以為基礎on the occasion of在時(6)by+n.表示方式by accident偶然by air/plane乘飛機by chance偶然by coincidence碰巧by force用暴力by hand用手工by mista

52、ke錯誤地by the day按天算by nature天生地by radio通過收音機by telegraph以電報形式by weight/volume/size/number按重量/體積/大小/數量(7)in+n.表示方式in cash用現金付款in width在寬度上in depth在深度上in detail詳細地in English用英語in height在海拔上in length在長度上in ink用墨水in shape在外形上in size在大小上(8)in+n.表示狀態in anger生氣地in battle在戰斗中in bed在床上in comfort舒適地in danger處于

53、危險中in delight高興地in debt負債in difficulty處于困難中in despair絕望in order就緒in doubt不確定,拿不準in practice在實踐中in fear在恐懼中in prison在獄中in high spirits情緒高昂地in ruins成為廢墟in peace平靜地,平安地in space在太空中in print已出版in trouble在困難中in public公開地in view看得見in rags穿著破爛in silence沉默著in secret秘密地in use使用中in surprise驚奇地in wonder驚奇地(9)以i

54、n開頭的介詞短語in the face of面對in addition to另外in case of萬一;如果;假如in celebration of為慶祝in charge of掌管in consequence of由于in contrast to與相比in control of管理;控制;操縱in exchange for作為交換in favor of支持,贊成in fear of害怕in front of在前面(外部)in honour of為向表示敬意in memory of為了紀念in need of需要in no case決不in no time立刻in no way決不in pl

55、ace of代替in possession of擁有,占有in praise of表揚in preparation for為做準備in respect of關于in response to作為回應in return作為回報in spite of盡管in support of為支持in the charge of在的管理下in the direction of在方向in the front of在前面(內部)in the habit of有習慣in the hope of抱著的希望in the middle of在中間(10)of+n.表示特征(等于相應的形容詞)of benefit有益處的of

56、 help有幫助的of importance重要的of interest有趣的of significance有意義的of use有用的of value有價值的(11)out of+n.表示狀態out of balance失去平衡out of breath上氣不接下氣out of business停業,歇業out of control不受控制out of danger脫離危險out of date過期out of debt不欠債out of fashion不流行out of luck不走運out of mind發狂out of office在野out of order出故障out of pati

57、ence不耐煩out of season過季out of shape走樣,不成形out of sight看不到out of the question不可能out of question毫無疑問out of trouble擺脫困難out of work失業(12)under+n.表示被動under attack遭到襲擊under consideration在考慮中under construction在建造中under control處于控制之中under discussion在討論中under pressure在壓力下under repair在修理中under treatment在治療中unde

58、r way在進行中(13)以under開頭的短語under the care of.在的看護下under the command of.在的統帥之下under the control of.在控制下under the direction of.在指導下under the influence of.在影響下under the protection of.在的庇護下under the treatment of.由治療under the leadership of.在的領導下(14)with+n.表示方式with anger生氣地with confidence有信心地with courage英勇地w

59、ith delight/joy高興地with difficulty困難地with ease輕而易舉地with fear害怕地with interest有興趣地with pleasure樂意地with pride驕傲地with satisfaction滿意地with success成功地with kindness親切地(15)beyond+n.表示“超出,難以”beyond compare無與倫比beyond comprehension難以理解beyond control失控beyond description難以描述beyond doubt不用懷疑,確實beyond expression難以表

60、達beyond measure非常;極其beyond question無可爭辯;毋庸置疑beyond reach夠不到beyond words難以表達beyond ones wildest dreams做夢都沒想到,遠遠出乎所料2.形容詞與介詞的常用搭配(1)adj.+aboutbe anxious about憂慮be careful about小心be concerned about擔心be curious about對好奇be excited about對感到興奮be particular about對講究/挑剔be serious about對認真be sorry about對感到抱歉b