高中語法專題復習—省略句

1、精選優質文檔-傾情為你奉上省略句知識詳解一、 概述在英語中，為了避免重復而省去某些重復的部分，這種現象叫省略。如：? Beg you pardon. （ I ）Beg you pardon? Sounds like a good idea. ( It ) Sounds like a good idea.二、分類詳解（一） 簡單句中的省略1、 省略主語 祈使句中主語通常省略；其它省略主語多限于少數現成的說法。如： ?Thank you for your help. ( I ) Thank you for your help.?Doesnt matter. ( It ) doesnt matter

2、.2、省略主謂或主謂語的一部分。如： ?(There is) No smoking .?（Will you） Have a smoke ?What/How (do you think) about a cup of tea ?Why (do you) not say hello to him ?3、省略作賓語的不定式短語，只保留to，但如果該賓語是動詞be或完成時態，則須在之后加上be或have 。如： Are you going there? Yes, Id like to .?He didnt give me the chance, though he had promised to .A

3、re you an engineer? No, but I want to be.He hasnt finished the task yet. Well, he ought to have.（二）二、4、省略表語。如： ?Are you thirsty? Yes, I am (thirsty).?His brother isnt lazy, nor is his sister (lazy).5、同時省略幾個成分 。如： ?Lets meet at the same place as (we met) yesterday.? Have you finished your work ? Not

4、yet.I have not finished my homework yet.（二）復合句中的省略1、主句中有一些成分被省略，如： ? (Im ) Sorry to hear you are ill.?She must be busy now? -If so, she cant go with us.so=he is busy2、主句中有一些成分被省略、而用so或not來代替，如： ?Are you leaving for Beijing this Sunday? I think so.?It is going to rain, isnt it? I hope not.這種用法常見的有：Ho

5、w so? Why so? Is that so? I hope so. He said so.及I suppose/believe/hope not. Why not? 等等。（三）并列句中的省略1、兩個并列句中，后一個分句常省略與前一分句中相同的部分。 如： ?My brother is a doctor and my sister-in-law (is) a lawyer.?When summer comes, the day is getting longer and longer, and the night (is getting) shorter and shorter.（四）其

6、它形式的省略1、連詞的that省略（1）賓語從句中常省略連詞that，但當有兩個并列的賓語從句時，第二個that則不能省略。 ?We all know (that) the earth runs around the sun.?Mary said (that) she is from American and that she is 16 years old.（2） 在定語從句中，that, which, who在從句中作賓語時可省略。?I havent read the book (that/ which) youre reading.?The man (that/ who) your fa

7、ther just talked to is our English teacher, Mr. Smith.2、在以when, while, once引導的時間狀語從句及以if, unless引導的條件狀語從句中，如果從句中的主語與主句中的主語指同一對象，且從句中含有be動詞時，從句中可省去“主語+be”部分。?When （he was） asked what he had done, John just kept silent.?If (he is) free, Jack will go with us.?Unless (he is) invited, he wont come.3、不定式符

8、號to的省略（1）并列的不定式可省去后面的 to.?My father often asks me to go to the market and (to) buy some vegetables.（2）介詞but前若有動詞do（did, does, done)，后面的不定式不帶 to，否則要帶to. ?He had no choice but to wait.?He had nothing to do but wait.前若有do后則無to，前若無do，后必帶to（3） help 作“幫助”講時，后面的賓語或賓補的不定式符號to可帶可不帶。?He is kind enough to help

9、 me (to) do some work.（4） find 作“發現”講時，后面作賓語補足語的不定式符號to可帶可不帶。?The parents found their son to study very hard.注意：如果是不定式 to be，則不能省略?We found he to be very humorous.（5）一些使役動詞及感官動詞后面作賓語補足語的不定式一定要省去 to, 但在被動語態中須將to 復原。?I noticed a man to enter the classroom when I passed by.?A man was noticed to enter t

10、he classroom這類使役動詞及感官動詞主要有:一“感”: feel二“聽”: hear, listen to三“讓”: have, make, let四“看”: watch, notice, observe, see（6）主語從句中有動詞do,后面作表語的不定式的 to可帶可不帶。?What he can do is (to) keep silent.4、在以if引導的非真實條件句中若含有were, had, should時，?？梢允÷詉f而將were, had, should置于句。?Were I you, Id give the AIDS patient a hug.5、在含有表示

11、“命令、要求、建議、許可”或“禁止”等意義的名詞性從句中使用“should + 動詞原形”表示虛擬語氣的，should?？梢允÷?。如：?He suggest we (should) set out right away.?His suggestion is that we (should) set out right away.?The order that we (should) stay where we are is very serious and severe.高考真題1. Would you like some more tea? _, please.（NMET2005，全國卷II

12、，12）A. No moreB. Just a littleC. Ive had enoughD. Yes, I would2. Itll take at least 2 hours to do this! Oh, _! I could do it in 30 minutes. (NMET2005，上海 39)A. come onB. pardon meC. your are rightD. dont mention it3. How about putting some pictures into the report? _ A picture is worth a thousand wor

13、ds. （NMET2005，江蘇，24） A. No way.B. Why not?C. All right?D. No matter.4. When _ help, one often says “Thank you.” or “Its kind of you.” (NMET2005，福建，33)A. offeringB. to offerC. to be offeredD. offered5. Why didnt you buy the camera you had longed for? I planed to, but I was 50 _.（NMET2005，福建，34）A. few

14、erB. lessC. cheapD. short6. Would you mind my coming over and having a look at your new garden? My little sons curious about those roses you grow.” _. Youre welcome. (NMET2005，湖北，25)A. Yes, I do B. Never mindC. Yes, pleaseD. Not at all7. Tom: Mike, our team will play against the Rockets this weekend

15、. Im sure we will win. Mike:_! （NMET2005，廣東，21）A. CongratulationsB. CheersC. Best wishesD. Good luck8. Tara: This is Tara Patel from cotton House in Kidderminster. Could I speak to Mr. Smith, please? Smith:_ (NMET2005，廣東，22）A. Hello! B. Im Mr. Smith.C. Who are you?D. Speaking9. My family usually goe

16、s skating for vacation. I like skating, but I want to try something different this year. _ （NMET2005，重慶，22）A.Lets go.B. Cheer up.C. Like what?D. Take care.10. Have you been to New Zealand? No, Id like to, _. (NMET2005，山東，21）A. too B. thoughC. yetD. either11. Could you do me a favor and take these bo

17、oks to my office? Yes, _ （NMET2005，山東，22）A. for pleasureB. I couldC. my pleasureD. with pleasure12 . Lets go to a movie after work, OK? _ (NMET2005，山東，33）A. Not at all. B. Why not?C. Never mind.D. What of it?跟蹤練習1. Could you please spare me some time? Ive something to talk with you. Not now, _ time,

18、 perhaps. A. any other B. some C. other D. some other2. The students have all made up their minds to gain a high mark _ difficulties. A. however B. whatever C. whenever D. whichever3. I feel tired, Dad. Tired? _? A. For what B. For which C. From which D. Of what4. Why not join us in the game? _. A. No, you do the same B. Oh, thats all right C. Ok, comingD. Sure, please do5. The boy wanted him to ride his bicycle in the street but his mother told him _. A. not to B. not to do C. not do it D. do not to6. Would you like