血液和造血系統課件

UNIT8

HematologicalandHemopoieticSystems血液和造血系統ANEMIA血液和造血系統血液和造血系統cardiovascularresponseerythroidmarrowresponseredbloodcelloxygendeliveryclinicalfeatures血液和造血系統詞綴h(a)emo-,h(a)emato-blood血haemophlilus(嗜血桿菌屬)hemodynamic(血液動力的)haemoglobin(血紅蛋白)●sero-serum血清serological(血清學的)seropositive(血清陽性的)seroanaphylaxis(血清過敏反應)serrochrome(血清色素)血液和造血系統●lympho-lymph淋巴lymphaden(淋巴結)lymphocyte(淋巴細胞)lymphoma(淋巴組織瘤)lymphadenitis(淋巴結炎)lymphatology(淋巴學)lymphoglanduct(淋巴管)●bill-,cholo-bile膽汁bilirubin(膽紅素)biliary(膽汁、道、囊的)cholelithiasis(膽石病)biliffavin(膽黃素)biligenesis(膽汁生成)血液和造血系統hidro-,sweat汗hidradenitis(汗腺炎)hidradenoma(汗腺腺瘤)hidrorrhea(多汗大汗)hidropoiesis(汗分泌●

Immuno-immunity免疫immunology(免疫學)immunohistochemistry(免疫組化)immunoglobulin(免疫球蛋白)immnunity(免疫力)Immunobiology(免疫生物學)immunocatalysis(免疫化學)血液和造血系統●muco-mucus黏液mucoid(黏液樣的)mucoprotein(黏蛋白)mococele(黏液囊腫)mucitis(黏膜炎)mucolipid(黏脂質)●

ven-靜脈venospasm(靜脈痙攣)venoclysis(靜脈輸注)venosclerosis(靜脈硬化)血液和造血系統●ex-出，離，在…之外extravascular(血管外的)exania(脫肛)exsector(切除刀)reticul-網狀組織reticulocyte(網狀細胞)reticuloendothelium(網狀內皮細胞)●-cytecell細胞macrocyte(巨紅細胞)reticulocyte(網狀細胞)血液和造血系統Anemiaspecificclassificationirondeficiencyanemia(缺鐵性貧血)hemorrhagicanemia(出血性貧血)hemolyticanemia(溶血性貧血)megaloblasticanemia(巨幼紅細胞性血)aplasticanemia(再生障礙性貧血)血液和造血系統

巨幼紅細胞貧血再生不良性貧血營養性貧血缺鐵性貧血megaloblasticanemianonnutritiveanemiaregenerationmaladaptiveanemiairondeficiencyanemia血液和造血系統anemiapathologicalreasonanalysis血液和造血系統CardiovascularresponsePain,fever,oravasovagalresponseVasovagalsyncopereactiontoapainfulinjuryanxietyinitiatedbyacutebloodloss血液和造血系統symtomsandsignsofbloodvolumelossesintheadultpercentlost(%)Volumelost(ml)symptomssigns<20<1000+/-anxiety+/-vasovagalreaction20~301000~1500anxiety,exerciseintolerance,mayfaintonstandingorthostatichypotension,exertionaltachycardia30~401500~2000syncopewhensitsorstandsorthostatic,anxious,tachycardicatrest>40>2000anxious,reatless,oftenconfused,maybeshortofbreathhypovolemicshock,fallinsupinebloodpressure,tachycardicwithcool,clammyskin血液和造血系統ErythroidmarrowresponseThecapacityofmarrowtoresponddependson:theleveloferythropoietinstimulationthepresenceofanormalcomplementoferythroidprecursorsinanormalmarrowstructureanaduquatesupplyofiron血液和造血系統Erythropoieticresponsetoacutehemorrhage1-2daysafterbleed3-6daysafterbleed7-10daysafterbleedmarrowreticulocyteshift(polychromasia)++++++reticulocyteproductionindex(timesnormal)11-2>2-3E/Gratio1:31:1>1:1血液和造血系統RedbloodcelloxygendeliveryBohreffect波爾效應

PHvalueorH+CO2concentrationandthechangesinthedifferentialpressurehemoglobincombinedwithoxygenability,theinfluenceofbloodpHvaluereducedorpCO2rise,maketheaffinitytoreduceHbO2,inanypO2nextHboxygensaturationalllowersoxygenfromcurverightshift,conversely,pHvalueriseorpCO2decreasetoincreasetheaffinityofHbO2,inanypO2nextHboxygensaturationincreased,oxygenfromcurvemovesleft.PHagainstHboxygenacceptorthiseffectiscalledBohreffect.血液和造血系統hemoglobin-oxygendissoiationcurve血液和造血系統ClinicalfeaturesSeverityofthebleedRateandsiteofthebleedCapacityofthepatienttorespond血液和造血系統TCMsyndromedifferentiationofanemiaTraditionalChinesemedicinewithoutanemianame,butthepresentfromtheclinicalsyndrome,suchaspallor,bodytiredweakness,palpitations,shortnessofbreath,dizziness,spirit,depressed,pulseseefinelikewhilesimilarto"hemopenia","Yin"thedisease.Generalbutwillanemiadelimit"hemopenia"or"virtualfatiguewubloodthecategoryof",and"virtualfatigue"isvisceralosses,thevarietyofchronicdiseasescausedbyweakweakenedthefloorboardof.血液和造血系統matterneedsattention:(1)wantreasonabledietnutrition,foodmustbediversified,recipeswantswide,shouldnotbejunkfood.(2)dietacrimony,coldtodigestfood.Peacetimecancooperatewithtonicdietotherapytimebody.(3)dietshouldrule,haveabstemious,forbiddenover-eating.(4)combiningexertion,properphysicalactivity血液和造血系統Homelybloodfoodblackbean（黑豆）carrot（胡蘿卜）daylily（金針菜）s