2024-2025學(xué)年江蘇省徐州市銅山區(qū)高一下學(xué)期4月期中考試英語(yǔ)試題（解析版）

高級(jí)中學(xué)名校試卷PAGEPAGE1江蘇省徐州市銅山區(qū)2024-2025學(xué)年高一下學(xué)期4月期中英語(yǔ)試題第一部分聽(tīng)力(略)第二部分閱讀(共兩節(jié)，滿分50分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。ATravelingisawonderfulwaytoexperiencenewcultures,seebreathtakinglandscapes,andcreatelifelongmemories.Herearefourmust-visitdestinationsaroundtheworldthatofferuniqueexperiencesforeverytraveler.Paris,France:TheCityofLightParisisoneofthemosticoniccitiesintheworld,notedforitsromanticatmosphere,stunningarchitecture,andrichhistory.TheEiffelTower,theLouvreMuseum,andNotre-DameCathedralarejustafewofitsfamouslandmarks.VisitorscanenjoyaleisurelystrollalongtheSeineRiver,savordeliciouspastriesatalocalcafé,orexplorethecharmingstreetsofMontmartre.Parisisaperfectdestinationforartlovers,historyenthusiasts,andanyoneseekingatouchofelegance.Kyoto,Japan:AGlimpseintoTraditionKyotoisacitythatbeautifullypreservesJapan’sculturalheritage.Withitshistorictemples,traditionalteahouses,andserenegardens,Kyotooffersapeacefulescapefromthemodernworld.TheFushimiInariShrine,famousforitsthousandsofredtoriigates,andtheArashiyamaBambooGrovearemust-seeattractions.Visitorscanalsoexperienceatraditionalteaceremonyorwearakimonowhileexploringthecity.Kyotoisidealforthosewhoappreciatehistory,nature,andpeace.MachuPicchu,PeruMachuPicchuisanancientIncancitylocatedhighintheAndesMountains.ThisUNESCOWorldHeritageSiteisoneofthemostfamousarchaeologicalsitesintheworld.Thebreathtakingviewsandthemysterysurroundingitsconstructionmakeitamust-visitdestinationforhistoryenthusiastsandadventureseekersalike.CapeTown,SouthAfrica:NatureandHistoryCombinedCapeTownisadynamiccitysurroundedbyamazingnaturalbeauty.TableMountain,oneoftheNewSevenWondersofNature,offersbreathtakingviewsofthecityandtheocean.VisitorscanalsoexploretheCapeofGoodHopeandthehistoricRobbenIsland,whereNelsonMandelawasimprisoned.Thecity’sdiversecultureanddeliciouscuisineaddtoitscharm.CapeTownisagreatdestinationforadventureseekers,historybuffs,andfoodloversalike.1.WhatisParisfamousfor?A.Itsmodernskyscrapersandbustlingnightlife.B.Itsnaturalwondersandwildlife.C.Itstraditionalteahousesandbamboogroves.D.Itsromanticatmosphereandhistoriclandmarks.2.Whichdestinationwillappealtothosevaluingtraditionalteaceremonies?A.Paris,France. B.CapeTown,SouthAfrica.C.Kyoto,Japan. D.MachuPicchu,Peru3.WhatcanvisitorsexploreinCapeTown?A.TableMountainandRobbenIsland.B.TheSydneyOperaHouseandBondiBeach.C.TheFushimiInariShrineandArashiyamaBambooGrove.D.TheEiffelTowerandtheLouvreMuseum.【答案】1.D2.C3.A【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章圍繞四個(gè)世界著名旅游目的地展開(kāi)，分別介紹了每個(gè)目的地的特色、景點(diǎn)和適合的旅行者類型。【1題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Paris,France:TheCityofLight下的“Parisisoneofthemosticoniccitiesintheworld,notedforitsromanticatmosphere,stunningarchitecture,andrichhistory.TheEiffelTower,theLouvreMuseum,andNotre-DameCathedralarejustafewofitsfamouslandmarks.(巴黎是世界上最具標(biāo)志性的城市之一，以其浪漫的氛圍，令人驚嘆的建筑和豐富的歷史而聞名。埃菲爾鐵塔、盧浮宮和巴黎圣母院只是巴黎的幾個(gè)著名地標(biāo))”可知，巴黎以浪漫氣氛和歷史地標(biāo)而文明。故選D項(xiàng)。【2題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Kyoto,Japan:AGlimpseintoTradition下的“Withitshistorictemples,traditionalteahouses,andserenegardens,Kyotooffersapeacefulescapefromthemodernworld.TheFushimiInariShrine,famousforitsthousandsofredtoriigates,andtheArashiyamaBambooGrovearemust-seeattractions.Visitorscanalsoexperienceatraditionalteaceremonyorwearakimonowhileexploringthecity.(憑借其歷史悠久的寺廟，傳統(tǒng)的茶館和寧?kù)o的花園，京都提供了一個(gè)逃離現(xiàn)代世界的和平之地。以成千上萬(wàn)的紅色鳥(niǎo)居門而聞名的富見(jiàn)稻成神社和嵐山竹林是必去的景點(diǎn)。游客還可以體驗(yàn)傳統(tǒng)的茶道或穿著和服在探索城市)”可知，Kyoto會(huì)吸引那些看重傳統(tǒng)茶道的人。故選C項(xiàng)。【3題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)CapeTown,SouthAfrica:NatureandHistoryCombined下的“TableMountain,oneoftheNewSevenWondersofNature,offersbreathtakingviewsofthecityandtheocean.VisitorscanalsoexploretheCapeofGoodHopeandthehistoricRobbenIsland,whereNelsonMandelawasimprisoned.(TableMountain，新七大自然奇觀之一，提供城市和海洋的壯麗景色。游客還可以探索好望角和歷史悠久的羅本島，納爾遜·曼德拉曾在那里被監(jiān)禁)”可知，在CapeTown游客可以探索TableMountain和RobbenIsland。故選A項(xiàng)。BCarlAllambystartedhiscarrepairbusinessatthetenderageof19.Overtheyears,ithadgrownintotwoshopswith11workers,butAllambyhadbecomeuneasy,longingforsomethingmore.Therefore,attheageof34,hedecidedtogoforhisbachelor’sdegreeinbusinessmanagement.Aftertakingclassespart-timeoverthenextfiveyears,Allambywastoldhehadtotakebiologytogethisdegree,whichlaterturnedouttobethebestthingthateverhappened.Biologyclassesreawakenedachildhooddreamthathehadhiddensomewheredeepwithinhimself.BorninEastCleveland,Ohio,Allambywasraisedbyhisstay-at-homemotherandafatherwhosoldhomegoodsdoor-to-door.Hisschooldidn’toffertheadvancedscienceclassesthatmighthaveledhimonapremed(醫(yī)學(xué)預(yù)科的)path.Evenifithad,doingwellinschoolcouldprovedangerous.“Youcouldgetintoalotoftroublejustforbeingtheclassnerd(討厭的人),”Allambysaid.Sohesetasidethethoughtsofbecomingadoctorandstartedfixingcarsinstead.ButadifferentCarlAllambywalkedintothatbiologyclassatage39.Hewasreadytolivehisdream.Withthesupportofhisfamilyhesoondecidedtoskipbusinessschooltotakescienceclasses.Becomingadoctorwaslateandhewouldbecomeanurseinstead,hereasoned.ButAllamby’schemistryprofessortoldhim“Whynotadoctor?Youhaveagreattalentforthework.Youwillgoalongway.”TheprofessorwasrightandAllambydidverywell.In2015,Allambycuttieswithhispast,andthenhestartedatNortheastOhioMedicalUniversity.In2019,CarlAllambybecameCarlAllamby,MD.HetookajobinemergencymedicineatClevelandClinicAkronGeneral.“Howmanypeoplecandosomethingsobrand-newatsuchalatestageintheirlife?”hesaid.“MyageandpastcareerareallgoodreasonswhyIshouldn’tbehere.Andyet,hereIam.”4.Whywastakingbiology“thebestthingthateverhappened”toAllamby?A.Itensuredhimabachelor’sdegree.B.Ithelpedhimrealizehischildhooddreamaboutbeingadoctor.C.Itbroughtaboutmoreprofitsinhisbusiness.D.Itdevelopedhispotentialtobecomeadoctor.5.Whatistheauthor’spurposeinwritingPara.3?A.TodescribeAllamby’sdifficultyinschool.B.TointroduceAllamby’sfamilybackground.C.ToshowhowAllambystruggledinhischildhood.D.ToexplainwhyAllambyoncegaveuphisdream.6.Whatdoweknowfromthechemistryprofessor’swords?A.HeacknowledgedAllamby’scapability.B.HeadmiredAllamby’scourage.C.HeadvisedAllambyshouldaimlower.D.HeassumedAllambywastoooldtobeadoctor.7.WhatdoesAllamby’sstorymainlytellus?A.Successoftencomestothosewhodaretoact.B.Educationholdsthekeytosuccess.C.It’snevertoolatetopursueyourdream.D.Atoughmancanbeargreatsuffering.【答案】4.B5.D6.A7.C【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了CarlAllamby的個(gè)人經(jīng)歷，從他早年開(kāi)設(shè)汽車修理店，到后來(lái)決定追求醫(yī)學(xué)夢(mèng)想，最終成為醫(yī)學(xué)博士的過(guò)程。【4題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第二段“Biologyclassesreawakenedachildhooddreamthathehadhiddensomewheredeepwithinhimself.(生物學(xué)課程喚醒了他深藏在內(nèi)心深處的童年夢(mèng)想)”以及第五段“In2019,CarlAllambybecameCarlAllamby,MD.HetookajobinemergencymedicineatClevelandClinicAkronGeneral.(2019年，CarlAllamby成為了一名醫(yī)學(xué)博士。他在克利夫蘭診所阿克倫總醫(yī)院找到了一份急診醫(yī)學(xué)方面的工作)”可知，生物課喚醒了他內(nèi)心深處想要成為醫(yī)生的童年夢(mèng)想，并且他最終實(shí)現(xiàn)了這個(gè)夢(mèng)想。故選B。【5題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第三段“Hisschooldidn’toffertheadvancedscienceclassesthatmighthaveledhimonapremèd(醫(yī)學(xué)預(yù)科的)path.Evenifithad,doingwellinschoolcouldprovedangerous.“Youcouldgetintoalotoftroublejustforbeingtheclassnerd(討厭的人),”Allambysaid.Sohesetasidethethoughtsofbecomingadoctorandstartedfixingcarsinstead.(他就讀的學(xué)校沒(méi)有開(kāi)設(shè)那些可能引領(lǐng)他走上醫(yī)學(xué)預(yù)科道路的高級(jí)科學(xué)課程。即便有這些課程，在學(xué)校成績(jī)優(yōu)異也可能會(huì)帶來(lái)危險(xiǎn)。“僅僅因?yàn)槟闶前嗌蠍?ài)讀書(shū)的人，你就可能惹上很多麻煩。”Allamby說(shuō)道。所以，他擱置了成為一名醫(yī)生的想法，轉(zhuǎn)而開(kāi)始修理汽車)”可知，該段內(nèi)容很好地解釋了他因?yàn)閷W(xué)校課程以及在學(xué)校表現(xiàn)好可能帶來(lái)的麻煩等原因而放棄成為醫(yī)生的夢(mèng)想。因此，作者寫(xiě)第三段的目的是解釋為什么Allamby曾經(jīng)放棄了他的夢(mèng)想。故選D。【6題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第四段“ButAllamby’schemistryprofessortoldhim“Whynotadoctor?Youhaveagreattalentforthework.Youwillgoalongway.”TheprofessorwasrightandAllambydidverywell.(然而，Allamby的化學(xué)教授卻對(duì)他說(shuō)：“為什么不當(dāng)醫(yī)生呢？你在這方面很有天賦。你會(huì)大有作為的。”教授說(shuō)得沒(méi)錯(cuò)，Allamby的成績(jī)非常出色)”可知，Allamby的教授建議他去當(dāng)醫(yī)生，認(rèn)為Allamby非常有天賦。由此可知，從化學(xué)教授的話中我們可以知道他認(rèn)可了Allamby的能力。故選A。【7題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章內(nèi)容可知，文章講述了Allamby的故事，Allamby19歲開(kāi)始經(jīng)營(yíng)汽車修理生意，34歲決定攻讀商業(yè)管理學(xué)士學(xué)位，39歲上生物課喚醒了童年想成為醫(yī)生的夢(mèng)想，盡管年齡較大且有過(guò)去的職業(yè)經(jīng)歷，但他還是努力追求夢(mèng)想，最終在2019年成為醫(yī)學(xué)博士。也就是說(shuō)，Allamby在年齡較大且已有一定職業(yè)經(jīng)歷的情況下，依然能夠重新追求童年的夢(mèng)想并實(shí)現(xiàn)，很好地體現(xiàn)了追求夢(mèng)想永遠(yuǎn)不晚的道理。故選C。CBeesareamongthemostfascinatinginsectsonEarth.Notonlydotheyplayacrucialroleinpollinatingplants,buttheyalsohaveahighlyorganizedsocialstructure.Atypicalhoneybeecolonyconsistsofthreetypesofbees:thequeen,theworkers,andthedrones.Eachhasaspecificrolethatensuresthesurvivalofthehive.Thequeenbeeisthemotherofallbeesinthecolony.Herprimaryjobistolayeggs—upto2,000perday!Workerbees,allfemale,areresponsibleforgatheringnectar,makinghoney,andprotectingthehive.Theyalsotakecareofthequeenandtheyoungbees.Drones,themalebees,haveonlyonepurpose:tomatewithanewqueen.Oncetheyfulfillthisrole,theydieshortlyafter.Beesexpresstheirideasthroughaunique“waggledance”.Whenaworkerbeefindsagoodsourceofnectar,shereturnstothehiveandperformsthisdancetoshowthedirectionanddistanceoftheflowers.Scientistsbelievethisdanceisoneofthemostsophisticatedformsofinsectcommunication.Unfortunately,beepopulationsaredecliningduetopesticides,habitatloss,andclimatechange.Thisisalarmingbecausenearlyone-thirdofthefoodweeatdependsonbeepollination.Withoutbees,manyfruits,vegetables,andnutscoulddisappearfromourdiets.8.Whatisthemaindutyofthequeenbee?A.Tocollectnectarfromflowers.B.Toproducethousandsofeggsdaily.C.Toprotectthehivefromenemies.D.Toperformthewaggledance.9.Howdoworkerbeescommunicatethelocationoffood?A.Bymakingloudbuzzingsounds.B.Byreleasingaspecialscent.C.Byperforminga“waggledance.”D.Bytouchingeachother’santennae.10.Whatcanweinferaboutdrones?A.Theylivelongerthanworkerbees.B.Theyprotectthehivefrompredators.C.Theyhelpinmakinghoney.D.Theyareessentialforthecolony’sreproduction.11.Whatisthemainpurposeofthepassage?A.Todescribetherolesandimportanceofbees.B.Toexplainwhybeesaredisappearing.C.Toarguethatbeesarethesmartestinsects.D.Tocomparedifferenttypesofbeecolonies.【答案】8.B9.C10.D11.A【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要講述了蜜蜂的角色、交流方式及重要性。【8題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段的“Thequeenbeeisthemotherofallbeesinthecolony.Herprimaryjobistolayeggs—upto2,000perday!(蜂王是蜂群中所有蜜蜂的母親。她的主要工作是產(chǎn)蛋——每天多達(dá)2,000個(gè)！)”可知，蜂王的主要職責(zé)是每天產(chǎn)下大量的卵。故選B。【9題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段的“Beesexpresstheirideasthroughaunique“waggledance”.Whenaworkerbeefindsagoodsourceofnectar,shereturnstothehiveandperformsthisdancetoshowthedirectionanddistanceoftheflowers.(蜜蜂通過(guò)獨(dú)特的“搖擺舞”來(lái)表達(dá)他們的想法。當(dāng)工蜂找到很好的花蜜來(lái)源時(shí)，她會(huì)返回蜂巢并表演這種舞蹈來(lái)顯示花朵的方向和距離)”可知，工蜂通過(guò)表演“搖擺舞”來(lái)傳達(dá)食物的位置。故選C。【10題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段“Drones,themalebees,haveonlyonepurpose:tomatewithanewqueen.Oncetheyfulfillthisrole,theydieshortlyafter.(雄蜂只有一個(gè)使命：與新蜂王交配。一旦完成這一使命，它們很快就會(huì)死亡)”可知，雄蜂唯一的目的是與新蜂王交配，完成這個(gè)任務(wù)后不久就會(huì)死去。這表明雄蜂對(duì)于蜂群的繁殖是至關(guān)重要的。故選D。【11題詳析】推理判斷題。通讀全文，尤其是第一段“BeesareamongthemostfascinatinginsectsonEarth.Notonlydotheyplayacrucialroleinpollinatingplants,buttheyalsohaveahighlyorganizedsocialstructure.Atypicalhoneybeecolonyconsistsofthreetypesofbees:thequeen,theworkers,andthedrones.Eachhasaspecificrolethatensuresthesurvivalofthehive.(蜜蜂是地球上最迷人的昆蟲(chóng)之一。它們不僅在植物授粉中發(fā)揮著至關(guān)重要的作用，而且還擁有高度組織化的社會(huì)結(jié)構(gòu)。一個(gè)典型的蜂群由三種蜜蜂組成：蜂王、工蜂和雄蜂。每種蜜蜂都有特定的角色，以確保蜂巢的生存)”可知，文章的主要目的是描述蜜蜂的角色和重要性。故選A。DInrecentyears,anewandexcitingtechnologyhasemerged—quantumdots.Thesearetinysemiconductorparticles,onlyafewnanometersinsize.Toputitintoperspective,ahumanhairisabout80,000nanometersthick,whilequantumdotsaretypicallybetween2to10nanometers.Theirsmallsizegivesthemuniqueopticalandelectronicproperties,makingthemahottopicinscientificresearch.Scientistshavemaderemarkablefindingsaboutquantumdots.Researchshowsthatquantumdotscanemitlightofdifferentcolorsdependingontheirsize.Smallerquantumdotsemitbluelight,whilelargeronesemitredlight.Thispropertyisduetothequantumconfinementeffect.Whenelectronsareconfinedinsuchasmallspaceasaquantumdot,theirenergylevelsbecomediscrete,andtheenergydifferencebetweentheselevelsdeterminesthewavelengthoftheemittedlight.Thisdiscoveryhasopenedupnewpossibilitiesinmanyfields.Themethodsusedtostudyquantumdotsarerathersophisticated,whichneedproperenvironment,strictconditionsandvarioustechniques.Onecommontechniqueischemicalsynthesis(合成).Scientistscreatequantumdotsinacontrolledchemicalenvironment.Forexample,theyuseorganicsolvents(溶劑)andprecursormaterials.Bypreciselycontrollingthereactionconditionssuchastemperature,reactiontime,andtheconcentrationofreactants,theycanproducequantumdotswithconsistentsizesandproperties.Aftersynthesis,variouscharacterizationtechniquesareemployed.Electronmicroscopyisusedtoobservethesizeandshapeofthequantumdots,whilespectroscopyhelpstoanalyzetheiropticalproperties.Theapplicationsofquantumdotsareextensive.Inthefieldofdisplaytechnology,quantumdotsareusedtoenhancethecoloraccuracyandbrightnessofTVsandmonitors.Quantumdotdisplayscanproduceawiderrangeofcolorscomparedtotraditionaldisplays,providingviewerswithamorevividvisualexperience.Inthemedicalfield,theyareusedasfluorescentlabelsinbiologicalimaging.Quantumdotscanbeattachedtospecificmoleculesinthebody,andwhenilluminatedwithlight,theyemitfluorescence,allowingdoctorstoobservebiologicalprocessesatacellularlevelmoreclearly.Lookingahead,scientistsarefocusedonseveralresearchdirections.Onekeyareaisimprovingthestabilityandbiocompatibilityofquantumdotsformedicalapplications.Althoughtheyshowgreatpromiseinbiologicalimaging,thereareconcernsabouttheirpotentialtoxicity(毒性).Scientistsarealsoexploringnewwaystointegratequantumdotsintomorecomplexdevices,suchasquantumdot-basedsolarcells.Thegoalistodevelopmoreefficientandsustainableenergysourcesusingtheuniquepropertiesofquantumdots.12.Accordingtothepassage,whatdeterminesthecolorofthelightemittedbyquantumdots?A.Thetypeoforganicsolventsusedinsynthesis.B.Thesizeofthequantumdots.C.Thetemperatureduringthesynthesisprocess.D.Theconcentrationofreactants.13.Theunderlinedword“sophisticated”inParagraph3isclosestinmeaningto________.A.complex B.simple C.traditional D.new14.Whatcanweinferfromthepassageaboutthefutureofquantumdots?A.Theywillreplacealltraditionaldisplaytechnologiessoon.B.Theiruseinmedicalapplicationswillbelimitedduetotoxicity.C.Scientistswillcontinuetoexploretheirpotentialindifferentfields.D.Quantumdot-basedsolarcellshasbeenalreadywidelyused.15.Whatisthemainideaofthepassage?A.Thehistoryofquantumdotdevelopment.B.Theproperties,research,applications,andfuturedirectionsofquantumdots.C.Thecomparisonbetweenquantumdotsandtraditionalmaterials.D.Thetoxicityandsafetyconcernsofquantumdots.【答案】12.B13.A14.C15.B【語(yǔ)篇解讀】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要介紹了量子點(diǎn)的特性、研究方法、應(yīng)用及未來(lái)研究方向。【12題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“Researchshowsthatquantumdotscanemitlightofdifferentcolorsdependingontheirsize.Smallerquantumdotsemitbluelight,whilelargeronesemitredlight.(研究表明，量子點(diǎn)可以根據(jù)其大小發(fā)出不同顏色的光。較小的量子點(diǎn)發(fā)出藍(lán)光，而較大的量子點(diǎn)發(fā)出紅光)”可知，量子點(diǎn)發(fā)出光的顏色由其大小決定。故選B。【13題詳析】詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)劃線單詞所在的句子“whichneedproperenvironment,strictconditionsandvarioustechniques(這需要合適的環(huán)境、嚴(yán)格的條件和各種技術(shù))”可知，研究量子點(diǎn)的方法相當(dāng)復(fù)雜，需要合適的環(huán)境、嚴(yán)格的條件和各種技術(shù)。因此，sophisticated在此處的意思最接近“complex(復(fù)雜的)”。故選A。【14題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“Lookingahead,scientistsarefocusedonseveralresearchdirections.Onekeyareaisimprovingthestabilityandbiocompatibilityofquantumdotsformedicalapplications.Althoughtheyshowgreatpromiseinbiologicalimaging,thereareconcernsabouttheirpotentialtoxicity(毒性).Scientistsarealsoexploringnewwaystointegratequantumdotsintomorecomplexdevices,suchasquantumdot-basedsolarcells.(展望未來(lái)，科學(xué)家們專注于幾個(gè)研究方向。一個(gè)關(guān)鍵領(lǐng)域是提高醫(yī)療應(yīng)用中量子點(diǎn)的穩(wěn)定性和生物相容性。盡管它們?cè)谏锍上裰酗@示出巨大的前景，但人們擔(dān)心它們的潛在毒性。科學(xué)家們還在探索將量子點(diǎn)集成到更復(fù)雜的設(shè)備中的新方法，例如基于量子點(diǎn)的太陽(yáng)能電池)”可知，科學(xué)家們關(guān)注幾個(gè)研究方向，包括改善量子點(diǎn)在醫(yī)學(xué)應(yīng)用中的穩(wěn)定性和生物相容性，探索將量子點(diǎn)集成到更復(fù)雜設(shè)備中的新方法等。這表明科學(xué)家將繼續(xù)探索量子點(diǎn)在不同領(lǐng)域的潛力。故選C。【15題詳析】主旨大意題。文章第一段介紹了量子點(diǎn)的大小和獨(dú)特性質(zhì)；第二段講了量子點(diǎn)的發(fā)光特性及原因；第三段介紹了研究量子點(diǎn)的方法；第四段闡述了量子點(diǎn)在顯示技術(shù)和醫(yī)學(xué)領(lǐng)域的應(yīng)用；第五段說(shuō)明了未來(lái)科學(xué)家對(duì)量子點(diǎn)的研究方向。所以文章主要講述了量子點(diǎn)的特性、研究、應(yīng)用和未來(lái)方向。故選B。第二節(jié)(共5小題;每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分)閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Intoday’sfast-pacedworld,maintainingahealthylifestyleismoreimportantthanever.However,withsomuchinformationavailable,itcanbechallengingtoknowwheretostart.____16____.Herearesomekeytipstohelpyouleadahealthierlife.Abalanceddietisthefoundationofgoodhealth.____17____Includeplentyoffruits,vegetables,wholegrains,leanproteins,andhealthyfatsinyourdailymeals.Avoidprocessedfoods,sugarydrinks,andexcessiveamountsofsalt.Forexample,startyourdaywithabowlofoatmealtoppedwithfreshberriesandnuts,haveasaladfilledwithcolorfulvegetablesandgrilledchickenforlunch,andenjoyadinnerofbakedsalmon,steamedbroccoli,andbrownrice.____18____Aimforatleast150minutesofmoderate-intensityaerobicexercise,suchasbriskwalking,cycling,orswimming,perweek.Strengthtraining,likeliftingweightsordoingbodyweightexercises,canalsobebeneficialasithelpsbuildmuscleandbonestrength.Findactivitiesthatyouenjoy,whetherit’sdancing,hiking,orplayingasport,sothatyou’remorelikelytostickwiththem.Makeexerciseapartofyourdailyroutine,liketakingawalkduringyourlunchbreakorgoingforabikerideafterdinner.Gettingenoughsleepiscrucialforyouroverallwell-being.Mostadultsneed7-9hoursofsleeppernight.___19___Establisharegularsleepschedulebygoingtobedandwakingupatthesametimeeveryday,evenonweekends.Createacomfortablesleepenvironmentthatisdark,quiet,andcool.Avoidusingelectronicdevicesbeforebedasthebluelightemittedcaninterferewithyoursleep.Agoodnight’ssleepwillleaveyoufeelingrefreshed,improveyourconcentration,andboostyourimmunesystem.Stressispartoflife,butlearningtomanageitisimportantforyourhealth.Chronicstresscanleadtovarioushealthproblems,includinghighbloodpressure,anxiety,anddepression.Usepositivemethodstorelieveyourstress.Practicerelaxationtechniquessuchasmeditation,deepbreathing,yoga,ortaichi.Maketimeforactivitiesthatyouenjoy,likereadingabook,listeningtomusic,orspendingtimewithfriendsandfamily.____20____Byfollowingthesesimplesteps,youcanmakesignificantimprovementstoyourhealthandwellbeing.Remember,smallchangesinyourdailyhabitscanleadtobigresultsinthelongrun.A.Physicalactivityisessentialforahealthybodyandmind.B.Butitdoesn’thavetobecomplicated.C.Makesuretoscheduleregularvisitstoyourhealthcareprovider.D.Itprovidesthenecessarynutrientsyourbodyneedstofunctionproperly.E.Also,makesuretotakebreaksduringthedaytorechargeyourbatteries.F.Lackofsleepcanaffectyourmood,energylevels,andphysicalperformance.G.Findhealthywaystocopewithstressinsteadofturningtounhealthyhabitslikeovereatingorsmoking.【答案】16.B17.D18.A19.F20.E【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要講述了保持健康生活方式的一些關(guān)鍵建議及具體做法。【16題詳析】上文“Intoday’sfast-pacedworld,maintainingahealthylifestyleismoreimportantthanever.However,withsomuchinformationavailable,itcanbechallengingtoknowwheretostart.(在當(dāng)今快節(jié)奏的世界里，保持健康的生活方式比以往任何時(shí)候都更重要。然而，面對(duì)如此多的信息，很難知道從哪里開(kāi)始)”說(shuō)明保持健康生活方式很重要，但信息多導(dǎo)致難以開(kāi)始。空處和前文為轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，說(shuō)明保持健康生活方式不必復(fù)雜。B項(xiàng)“但它不必很復(fù)雜”符合語(yǔ)境，it指代上文“maintainingahealthylifestyle”，“doesn’thavetobecomplicated”與前文challenging形成轉(zhuǎn)折。故選B。【17題詳析】上文“Abalanceddietisthefoundationofgoodhealth.(均衡的飲食是健康的基礎(chǔ))”說(shuō)明均衡飲食對(duì)健康很重要。空處和前文為順承關(guān)系，進(jìn)一步解釋均衡飲食的作用。所以D項(xiàng)“它提供了你的身體正常運(yùn)作所需的必要營(yíng)養(yǎng)。”符合語(yǔ)境。It指代上文“Abalanceddiet”。故選D。【18題詳析】下文“Aimforatleast150minutesofmoderate-intensityaerobicexercise,suchasbriskwalking,cycling,orswimming,perweek.(每周至少進(jìn)行150分鐘的中等強(qiáng)度有氧運(yùn)動(dòng)，如快走、騎自行車或游泳)”說(shuō)明本段主要講述運(yùn)動(dòng)對(duì)健康的重要性。所以A項(xiàng)“身體活動(dòng)對(duì)健康的身心至關(guān)重要。”符合語(yǔ)境，為本段主旨句。故選A。【19題詳析】上文“Gettingenoughsleepiscrucialforyouroverallwell-being.Mostadultsneed7-9hoursofsleeppernight.(充足的睡眠對(duì)你的整體健康至關(guān)重要。大多數(shù)成年人每晚需要7-9小時(shí)的睡眠)”說(shuō)明充足睡眠對(duì)健康很重要。空處和前文為順承關(guān)系，進(jìn)一步說(shuō)明缺乏睡眠的危害。所以F項(xiàng)“缺乏睡眠會(huì)影響你的情緒、能量水平和身體表現(xiàn)。”符合語(yǔ)境。“Lackofsleep”與上文“Gettingenoughsleep”形成對(duì)比，闡述了睡眠不足帶來(lái)的不良影響，與上文為順承關(guān)系。故選F。【20題詳析】上文“Stressispartoflife,butlearningtomanageitisimportantforyourhealth.Chronicstresscanleadtovarioushealthproblems,includinghighbloodpressure,anxiety,anddepression.Usepositivemethodstorelieveyourstress. Practicerelaxationtechniquessuchasmeditation,deepbreathing,yoga,ortaichi.Maketimeforactivitiesthatyouenjoy,likereadingabook,listeningtomusic,orspendingtimewithfriendsandfamily.(壓力是生活的一部分，但學(xué)會(huì)管理它對(duì)你的健康很重要。長(zhǎng)期壓力會(huì)導(dǎo)致各種健康問(wèn)題，包括高血壓、焦慮和抑郁。使用積極的方法來(lái)緩解你的壓力。練習(xí)放松技巧，比如冥想、深呼吸、瑜伽或太極。騰出時(shí)間做你喜歡的活動(dòng)，比如讀書(shū)、聽(tīng)音樂(lè)，或者和朋友和家人呆在一起)”說(shuō)明本段主要講述如何應(yīng)對(duì)壓力。空處和前文并列，列舉應(yīng)對(duì)壓力的正確方式。所以E項(xiàng)“此外，一定要在白天休息一下，給電池充電。”符合語(yǔ)境。故選E。第三部分：語(yǔ)言運(yùn)用(共兩節(jié)，滿分35分)第一節(jié)(共20小題;每小題1分，滿分20分)閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。ItwasaverycoldFriday.WhenIobservedthesnowfallingontomycar,IreallybegantowonderifIwasgoingto____21____itontime.OfcourseImust,becauseIhadno____22____.Abouttwoweeksago,whatmydaughterEllenhadtalkedaboutwasherChristmasconcerttobeheldinherschoolandsome____23____aboutit.“Mom,Rachelhadasweetvoiceandshewas____24____tosingalone,butnowshe’snot!Lindawill____25____hertodoit.”“Mom,youwon’tbelieveit,____26____Lexie’swholefamilyiscomingtotheconcert,evenfromanotherstate!”Makingalongwayoutofstatetoseethird-graderssingChristmascarolseemedtobeaprettybigdealforher.WhenIsatintraffic,IthoughtaboutalltheschooleventsIhadattended____27____.Ellennever____28____it,butIwonderedhowshefeltaboutmebeingtheonlyonewhoevercametoherevents.Myownfamilylivedoutoftown,andherfatherandhisfamilyneverquite____29____infillingthosethingsintotheirschedules.Iwonderedifit_____30_____her.Ateighto’clocktheconcertwas_____31_____tobegin.Withonlyafew_____32_____tospare,Ifoundmyselfrunning:firstthroughthesnow-driftedparkinglot,thenthroughtheschoolpassage.Ienteredthecrowdedhallandfoundaseat_____33_____nearthefront.Fromherplaceonstage,Ellensawmerunforthechair,andshesmiled.Iwascloseenoughtoheartheloud_____34_____ofthechildrenonstage.“Look,Ellen,thereismyuncleandmycousin.TheycameallthewayfromWestVirginia.Ican’tbelievemywholefamilyishere!”EllensmiledatLexieandsaid,“Mywholefamilyishere,too!Look,theresheis!”Ellengavemeabigsmile.Ismiledbackather,neveroncenoticingthemeltingsnowdrippingoffmyhead.Itsuddenly_____35_____tomethatwhilewetriedtoteachourchildrenallabout_____36_____,theyactuallytaughtuswhatlifewasallabout.Inlife,weoftenfocuson_____37_____ourkids,butsometimestheycanbeour_____38_____.Theirsimplewordsandactionscan_____39_____usadifferentsideoflife.Weshouldcherishthese_____40_____andlearnfromthem.21.A.arrive B.go C.reach D.make22.A.choice B.chance C.reason D.time23.A.stories B.rumors C.news D.facts24.A.begged B.supposed C.forced D.allowed25.A.help B.guide C.replace D.encourage26.A.but B.so C.and D.though27.A.happily B.late C.early D.alone28.A.mentioned B.cared C.worried D.minded29.A.managed B.succeeded C.failed D.wanted30.A.surprised B.interested C.bothered D.satisfied31.A.planned B.ordered C.scheduled D.listed32.A.seconds B.minutes C.hours D.days33.A.good B.bad C.available D.dirty34.A.conversation B.singing C.laughing D.crying35.A.happened B.entered C.occurred D.hit36.A.life B.love C.beauty D.friendship37.A.following B.learning C.guiding D.teaching38.A.teachers B.friends C.students D.partners39.A.show B.hide C.cover D.change40.A.events B.moments C.concerts D.memories【答案】21.D22.A23.B24.B25.C26.A27.D28.A29.B30.C31.C32.B33.C34.A35.C36.A37.D38.A39.A40.B【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了作者參加女兒學(xué)校圣誕音樂(lè)會(huì)的經(jīng)歷，展現(xiàn)了母女之間的情感交流以及作者對(duì)生活的新認(rèn)識(shí)。【21題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：當(dāng)我看到雪花飄落在我的車上時(shí)，我真的開(kāi)始懷疑自己是否能按時(shí)趕到。A.arrive到達(dá)；B.go去；C.reach到達(dá)、觸及；D.make制作、使成功。根據(jù)下文“Ateighto’clocktheconcertwas________tobegin.Withonlyafew________tospare,Ifoundmyselfrunning:firstthroughthesnow-driftedparkinglot,thenthroughtheschoolpassage.”可知，這里指的是作者在想自己是否能按時(shí)趕到女兒的圣誕音樂(lè)會(huì)現(xiàn)場(chǎng)。考查短語(yǔ)：makeit，意為“成功做某事”，符合句意。故選D。【22題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：當(dāng)然，我必須得按時(shí)到，因?yàn)槲覄e無(wú)選擇。A.choice選擇；B.chance機(jī)會(huì)；C.reason原因；D.time時(shí)間。根據(jù)上文“OfcourseImust”可知，作者一開(kāi)始在想能否按時(shí)趕到，接著說(shuō)“OfcourseImust”，因?yàn)樗龥](méi)有選擇，必須要去。故選A。【23題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：大約兩周前，我女兒Ellen談?wù)摰亩际撬龑W(xué)校即將舉行的圣誕音樂(lè)會(huì)以及一些關(guān)于音樂(lè)會(huì)的傳聞。A.stories故事；B.rumors謠言、傳聞；C.news新聞；D.facts事實(shí)。根據(jù)下文““Mom,Rachelhadasweetvoiceandshewas________tosingalone,butnowshe’snot!Lindawill________hertodoit.”“Mom,youwon’tbelieveit,________Lexie’swholefamilyiscomingtotheconcert,evenfromanotherstate!””可知，作者的女兒說(shuō)了很多關(guān)于圣誕音樂(lè)會(huì)的傳聞。故選B。【24題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：“媽媽，Rachel的嗓音很甜美，她本應(yīng)該獨(dú)唱的，但現(xiàn)在不是她了！Linda將代替她來(lái)唱。”A.begged乞求；B.supposed假設(shè)、認(rèn)為；C.forced強(qiáng)迫；D.allowed允許。根據(jù)上文“Rachelhadasweetvoice”可知，Rachel的嗓音很甜美，所以她本該獨(dú)唱的。考查短語(yǔ)：besupposedto，意為“應(yīng)該做某事”，符合句意。故選B。【25題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意同上。A.help幫助；B.guide引導(dǎo)；C.replace替換；D.encourage鼓勵(lì)。根據(jù)上文“butnowshe’snot!”可推測(cè)，Rachel現(xiàn)在不獨(dú)唱了。由此可知，Linda代替了Rachel表演獨(dú)唱。故選C。【26題詳析】考查連詞詞義辨析。句意：“媽媽，你不會(huì)相信的，Lexie全家都要來(lái)參加音樂(lè)會(huì)，甚至是從另一個(gè)州趕來(lái)！”A.but但是；B.so因此；C.and和；D.though盡管。根據(jù)上文“Mom,youwon’tbelieveit”以及下文“Lexie’swholefamilyiscomingtotheconcert,evenfromanotherstate!”可知，兩句之間存在轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系。故選A。【27題詳析】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：當(dāng)我堵車時(shí)，我想起了所有我獨(dú)自參加的學(xué)校活動(dòng)。A.happily高興地；B.late晚地；C.early早地；D.alone獨(dú)自地。根據(jù)下文“Ellennever_______it,butIwonderedhowshefeltaboutmebeingtheonlyonewhoevercameto