2022年江蘇南京中考考前押題密卷（全解全析）

2022年江蘇南京中考考前押題密卷英語·全解全析（考試時間：90分鐘試卷滿分：90分）注意事項：1.本試卷共10頁。全卷滿分90分。考試時間為90分鐘。試題包含選擇題和非選擇題。考生答題全部答在答題卡上，答在本試卷上無效。2.請認真核對監考教師在答題卡上所粘貼條形碼的姓名、考試證號是否與本人相符合，再將自己的姓名、考試證號用0.5毫米黑色墨水簽字筆填寫在答題卡及本試卷上。3.答選擇題必須用2B鉛筆將答題卡上對應的答案標號涂黑。如需改動，請用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其他答案。答非選擇題必須用0.5毫米黑色墨水簽字筆寫在答題卡的指定位置，在其他位置答題一律無效。選擇題（共40分）一、單項填空（共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分）從A、B、C、D四個選項中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。1．—WhendidtheShenzhouⅫreturntotheEarth?—________theafternoonofSeptember17.A．In B．On C．At D．Since【答案】B【詳解】句意：神舟十二是什么時候返回地球的？考查介詞辨析。in后接年、月或泛指的上下午、晚上等；on后接具體日期或具體某一天的上下午、晚上等；at后接具體鐘表時刻等；since自從。根據“...theafternoonofSeptember17.”可知此處指在9月17日這一天的下午，用介詞on。故選B。2．—Ricky,yourpronunciationsoundsgood._________haveyoulearntFrench?—WhenIvisitedParistwoyearsago,Ibegantolearnitonline.A．Where B．When C．Howmuch D．Howlong【答案】D【詳解】句意：——瑞奇，你的發音聽起來不錯。你學法語多久了？——當我兩年前訪問巴黎時，我開始在網上學習。考查特殊疑問句。where在哪；When何時；Howmuch多少，提問不可數名詞數量或價格；Howlong多長時間，對一段時間或長度提問。根據“haveyoulearntFrench?”可知此處詢問學了多久法語，表示時長，用howlong來提問，故選D。3．“TheWartoResistU.S.AggressionandAidKorea”(抗美援朝)isafamouswar,butsadly,________knowswhatthecertaindeathtollis.A．everybody B．nobody C．anybody D．somebody【答案】B【詳解】句意：“抗美援朝戰爭”是一場著名的戰爭，但令人遺憾的是，沒有人知道確切的死亡人數。考查復合不定代詞辨析。everybody每個人；nobody沒有人；anybody任何人；somebody某人。根據“butsadly,...knowswhatthecertaindeathtollis.”可知，前后句意轉折，雖然戰爭很出名，但是沒有人知道確切的傷亡人數，故選B。4．Hisauntwantsto________himtofixthewatch,buthehasalreadyhadit________.A．make,repair B．get,repair C．have,repaired D．get,repaired【答案】D【詳解】句意：他的阿姨想要讓他修理手表，但他已經讓人修理好了。考查非謂語動詞。固定短語make/havesb.dosth.“使某人干某事”；getsb.todosth.“使某人干某事”；havesth.done表示“讓別人干某事”。根據空格后的“himtofixthewatch”可知此處是指“叫他去修手表”，需用get，排除AC選項。又根據第二個空格前的“hadit”可知此處是指“他讓別人修好了”，需用過去分詞。故選D。5．Thefatboyhadbetterdo________exerciseandeat________snacksifhewantstobehealthier.A．more;less B．less;more C．fewer;more D．more;fewer【答案】D【詳解】句意：如果那個胖男孩想要更健康的話，他最好多做運動，少吃零食。考查比較級。more更多的，many和much的比較級；less更少的，little的比較級，修飾不可數名詞；fewer更少的，few的比較級，修飾可數名詞。根據第一空“Thefatboyhadbetterdo...exercise”可知，這個胖男孩應該“多運動”，因此第一空是more；第二空根據“eat...snacks”表示，他應該吃“更少的”零食，snack是可數名詞，因此用fewer修飾。故選D。6．Thecostofliving________alot.Asaresult,myfatherhastofindanotherjobtofeedus.A．hasraised B．hasrisen C．raised D．rose【答案】B【詳解】句意：生活成本已經上漲了很多。結果，我爸爸不得不另找一份工作來養活我們。考查動詞詞義辨析及現在完成時。根據“myfatherhastofindanotherjobtofeedus”可知爸爸不得不找另一份工作是因為生活成本的上漲，且這件事已經發生，對現在有影響，因此句子應用現在完成時。主語是Thecostofliving，第三人稱單數，因此動詞要用rise表示“（價格）上漲”，其過去分詞為risen。構成現在完成時，要借助助動詞has。故選B。7．_________moreandmorepeoplesurftheInternetfornews,thetraditionalnewspapermaynotdisappearinashorttime.A．Though B．Since C．Because D．Unless【答案】A【詳解】句意：雖然越來越多的人上網看新聞，但傳統報紙可能不會在短時間內消失。考查連詞辨析。Though盡管；Since既然；Because因為；Unless除非。根據“moreandmorepeoplesurftheInternetfornews,thetraditionalnewspapermaynotdisappearinashorttime”可知，此處是though引導讓步狀語從句時，表示“雖然，即使”，不能與but連用。故選A。8．—HaveyouheardthatChina’sprodigy(奇才)GuAilingclaimedthehistoricgoldinthewomen’sfreeskibigairoftheBeijing2022OlympicWinterGames?—It’snotsurprising.________.Shehasworkedhardatittheseyears.A．Everydoghasitsday B．ActionsspeaklouderthanwordsC．Nopain,nogain D．Manyhandsmakelightwork【答案】C【詳解】句意：——你聽說了嗎？中國奇才谷愛凌在北京2022年冬奧會自由式滑雪女子大跳臺比賽中獲得了歷史性的金牌。——這并不奇怪，一分耕耘一分收獲。這些年她一直在努力訓練。考查習語。Everydoghasitsday凡人皆有得意日；Actionsspeaklouderthanwords事實勝于雄辯；Nopain,nogain一分耕耘一分收獲；Manyhandsmakelightwork人多好辦事。根據“Shehasworkedhardatittheseyears.”可知，谷愛凌一直努力訓練，所以她獲得了金牌，這體現了“一分耕耘一分收獲”。故選C。9．ThefilmTheBattleAtLakeChangjinⅡhasreceivedhighpraisesinceit________onscreen.A．put B．isput C．wasput D．willbeput【答案】C【詳解】句意：電影《長津湖之水門橋》自從上映以來就獲得了高度的好評。考查被動語態。根據“ThefilmTheBattleAtLakeChangjinⅡhasreceivedhighpraisesinceit...onscreen”可知since引導的時間狀語從句，主句常用現在完成時，從句用一般過去時；再分析主語和動詞可知，此處應用一般過去時的被動語態，故選C。10．—Whodidyou________makethecakefor?—Mymother.TodayisherbirthdayandIwanttogiveherasurprise.A．specially B．successfully C．especially D．curiously【答案】A【詳解】句意：——你特地為誰做的蛋糕？——我的母親。今天是她的生日，我想給她一個驚喜。考查副詞辨析。specially特別地，專門地；successfully成功地；especially尤其是；curiously好奇地。根據“TodayisherbirthdayandIwanttogiveherasurprise.”可知今天是母親的生日，特地為她做的蛋糕，此處問特地為誰做的蛋糕，用specially。故選A。11．—Doyoureallydecidetotakethejob?—Yes,orIwill________nottakingtheoffer.A．repeat B．regret C．review D．reduce【答案】B【詳解】句意：——你真的決定接受這份工作?——是的,否則我會后悔沒有接受這個工作。考查動詞辨析。repeat重復；regret遺憾,后悔；review復習；reduce減少。根據句意可知此處用regret后悔。故選B。12．Youcanseethe_________onpeople’sfaceswhentheytalkaboutChina’schangesinthepast70years.A．pride B．secret C．regret D．courage【答案】A【詳解】句意：當人們談論過去70年的中國的變化時，你可以在他們臉上看到驕傲。考查名詞辨析。pride“驕傲，自豪”；secret“秘密”；regret“遺憾，后悔”；courage“勇氣”。根據“whentheytalkaboutChina’schangesinthepast70years.”可知，過去的七十年里中國發生了巨大的變化，因此臉上洋溢的是自豪感。故選A。13．—Couldyoutellme_______?—YoucansearchforitontheInternet.A．howmuchthepopulationofIndiais B．whatwilllifeonMarsbelikeC．ifthelastbushadleft D．whowrotethiswonderfulpoem【答案】D【詳解】句意：——你能告訴我誰寫了這首精彩的詩歌嗎？——你可以上網搜索一下。考查賓語從句。賓語從句需要用陳述句語序，排除B；對population提問，應用what，排除A；結合句中“YoucansearchforitontheInternet.”可知，通過搜索可以得到答案，選項D符合語境。故選D。14．—Itissaidthatpeopleborninthe1990sonlycareaboutthemselves.—________.Manynursesanddoctorsofthisagearefightingonthefrontlinesoftheepidemic.A．Yes,that’strue B．That’snotthecase C．Iagreewithyou D．Ican’tagreemore【答案】B【詳解】句意：——據說90后只關心自己。——情況不是這樣的。許多這個年齡的護士和醫生正在疫情的前線戰斗。考查情景交際。Yes,that’strue是的，這是真的；That’snotthecase情況不是這樣的；Iagreewithyou我同意你的觀點；Ican’tagreemore我完全同意。根據“Itissaidthatpeopleborninthe1990sonlycareaboutthemselves”以及“Manynursesanddoctorsofthisagearefightingonthefrontlinesoftheepidemic”可知，并不同意對方的觀點，故選B。15．—IthinkthedramaseriesALifelongJourney(《人世間》)isworthwatching.—________.Wecanseegreatchangesoverthefiftyyearsfromthedramaseries.A．That’sallright B．Ican’tagreemore C．That’sagoodidea D．Believeitornot【答案】B【詳解】句意：——我認為《人世間》這部電視劇值得一看。——我完全同意。我們可以從這部電視劇中看到50年來的巨大變化。考查情景交際。That’sallright沒關系；Ican’tagreemore我完全同意；That’sagoodidea這是個好主意；Believeitornot信不信由你。根據空格后的句子“Wecanseegreatchangesoverthefiftyyearsfromthedramaseries”可知，空格處所填內容是完全同意上文所說的話。故選B。二、完形填空（共10小題；每小題1分，滿分10分）閱讀下面短文，從短文所給各題的四個選項（A、B、C和D）中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。Ihadspentanhourinthebankwithmydad,sincehehadtotransfermoney(轉賬).Iasked,“Dad,whydon’twedoitwithyourInternetbanking?”Healreadyopenedoneafewmonthsago.“WhywouldIdothat?”he____16____.“Well,thenyouwon’thaveto____17____anhourhereforthingsliketransfer.Youcanevendoyourshoppingonline;everythingwillbeso____18____!”IwassoexcitedtotellhimallkindsofadvantagesofInternetbanking.Heasked,“IfIdothat,Iwon’thavetostepoutofthehouse?”“Yes,yes!”Isaid.ItoldhimhowAmazondelivers(遞送)everything.Hisanswermademe____19____.Hesaid,“SinceIenteredthisbanktoday,Ihavemetfourofmyfriends;Ihavechattedawhilewiththepeoplewhoknowmeverywellbynow.YouknowI’mlonely…thisiswhatIneed____20____.Iliketogetreadyandcometothebank.Ihaveenoughtimeanditisthe‘physicaltouch’thatI____21____.TwoyearsagowhenIgotsick,thestoreownerfromwhomIoftenbuyfruitscametoseemeandchattedwithme.Whenyourmumfelldownafewdaysagowhileonhermorningwalk,theflowershopkeepersawitandsoongothiscartodriveherhome____22____heknowswherewelive.WouldIhavethat‘human’____23____ifeverythingbecameonline?WhywouldIwanteverythingdeliveredtomeandlookatmycomputerallthetime?IliketoknowthepersonthatI’mdealingwithandnotjustthe‘seller’.Itcreates____24____;doesAmazondeliverallthisaswell?Technologyisn’t_____25_____.Spendtimewithpeople.Notwithdevices.”16．A．accepted B．suggested C．complained D．replied17．A．save B．reduce C．waste D．take18．A．cheap B．easy C．crazy D．awful19．A．surprised B．worried C．bored D．excited20．A．recently B．rapidly C．simply D．exactly21．A．refuse B．expect C．offer D．remind22．A．as B．although C．if D．unless23．A．spirit B．sense C．touch D．nature24．A．businesses B．relationships C．chances D．wonders25．A．society B．power C．money D．life【答案】16．D17．C18．B19．A20．D21．B22．A23．C24．B25．D【解析】本文是一篇記敘文。短文主要講述了作者和他的父親對網上銀行的討論。父親的觀點讓作者對科技有了新的認識。16．句意：“我為什么要那么做？”他回答。accepted接受；suggested建議；complained抱怨；replied回答。根據上句“Iasked,“Dad,whydon’twedoitwithyourInternetbanking?””可推知，空處應用“回答”。故選D。17．句意：那你就不用在這里浪費一個小時來處理轉賬這種事了。save節省；reduce減少；waste浪費；take帶走。根據上文“Ihadspentanhourinthebankwithmydad,sincehehadtotransfermoney(轉賬).Iasked,“Dad,whydon’twedoitwithyourInternetbanking?”Healreadyopenedoneafewmonthsago.”語境可知，作者認為是在這里浪費一個小時轉賬。故選C。18．句意：你甚至可以在網上購物，一切都很簡單。cheap便宜的；easy容易的；crazy瘋狂的；awful可怕的。根據常識可知，在網上購物和做其他的事情都很簡單的。故選B。19．句意：他的回答讓我很驚訝。surprised驚訝的；worried擔心的；bored無聊的；excited激動人心的。根據下文“Hesaid,"SinceIwalkedintothisbanktoday,IhavemetfourofmyoldfriendsandIhavechattedawhilewiththestaff（員工）.Ihavemuchfreetime,soIliketocometothebankand5differentpeople.”可知，作者的父親去銀行轉賬見了不同的人們，這讓他很開心，故這個回答應是令作者很驚訝。故選A。20．句意：你知道我很寂寞……，這正是我需要的。recently最近；rapidly迅速地；simply簡單地；exactly準確地。根據前句“YouknowI’mlonely…”可推知，在銀行里和不同的人聊天正是作者的父親需要的。故選D。21．句意：我有足夠的時間，我期待的是身體上的接觸。refuse拒絕；expect期待；offer提供；remind提醒。根據前句“Iliketogetreadyandcometothebank.”可知，身體上的接觸應是作者父親所期待的。故選B。22．句意：花店老板看到了，很快就開車送她回家，因為他知道我們住在哪里。as因為；although雖然；if如果；unless除非。根據空前后句意對比可知，空處的詞表示原因。故選A。23．句意：如果所有東西都上網了，我還會有人情嗎？spirit精神；sense感覺；touch接觸；nature自然。根據后半句“ifeverythingbecameonline?”可推知，應是父親認為還會有人和人的接觸，還有人情嗎。故選C。24．句意：它創造了關系，亞馬遜也提供這些嗎？businesses生意；relationships關系；chances機會；wonders奇跡。根據前句“IliketoknowthepersonthatI’mdealingwithandnotjustthe‘seller’.”可知，應是創造了人和人接觸的這種關系。故選B。25．句意：科技不是生活。society社會；power力量；money金錢；life生活。根據后句“Spendtimewithpeople.Notwithdevices.”可知，應是說科技不是生活。故選D。三、閱讀理解（共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分）閱讀下列材料，從每題所給四個選項（A、B、C和D）中，選出最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。AWelcomeToNanjingPresidentialPalaceOpeningHours:8:30-18:00TicketPrice:Adult:age18+￥40Childforage6-18andtheelderlyover60enjoyhalfprice.Freeforchildrenunder140cm,orbelow6yearsold.Freefortheelderlyover70.Onlinebooking:1.Theticketisonlyvalid(有效的)fortheday.2.YourpassportorIDinformationisrequired,andonepersoncanbookonlyoneticketperday.3.Oneadultcouldbookatmosttwochildtickets.ImportantNotice:

DuringtheCOVID-19EpidemicControlPeriod:1.Thereal-timelocal“HealthCode”willbecheckedbeforeentering.2.Bodytemperatureover37.3℃orcoughingandshortofbreath,visitorsarenotallowedtoenter.3.Wearmasksduringthevisitandkeepdistancewithothers.Formoreinformation,youcanvisit:Howmuchwillayoungcouplewitha4-year-oldchildpayatleasttovisittheHumbleAdministratorGarden?A．￥40. B．￥60. C．￥80. D．￥100.27．Whichofthefollowingistrueaccordingtothepassage?A．Oneadultcouldonlybookonechildticket.B．PassportorIDinformationisneededwhenbookingticketsonline.C．AmanwithahighfevercanentertheHumbleAdministratorGardenwithamask.D．Visitorscanbookticketsonthewebsitehttp:.28．Whereisthepassageprobablytakenfrom?A．Astorybook. B．Atravelguide. C．Asciencefiction. D．Anewsreport.【答案】26．C27．B28．B【解析】本文是一篇應用文，向我們介紹南京總統府的相關信息。26．細節理解題。根據“Adult:age18+￥40”和“Freeforchildrenunder140cm,orbelow6yearsold.”可知，一對夫婦帶著4歲的孩子去南京總統府，需要付80元。故選C。27．推理判斷題。根據“YourpassportorIDinformationisrequired,andonepersoncanbookonlyoneticketperday.”可知，您需要提供護照或身份證信息，并且每人每天只能預訂一張票。故選B。28．推理判斷題。本文向我們介紹南京總統府的相關信息，所以推測本文來自旅游指南，故選B。BGuAilingisatalentedfreeskier.GuwasbornintheUS,whereshestartedonthesnowattheageof3.ShegotChinesecitizenshipwhenshewas15.SheisalsoamodelandStanfordstudent.Shehopestousesportsas“abridge”betweenChinaandtheUS.Sheenjoysmeataswellasvegetables.WuDajing,27,isaleaderaswellasasuperstarofChina’sshort-trackspeedskatingteam.Wubecameinterestedinwintersportswhenhewas10.Hegotupat4a.m.everydaytopractice.Hesayshenevereatsmeatorhasdrinks.Afterwinninggoldin2014and2018,JapaneseYuzuruHanyuhasbeenseenbymanyasthebestfigureskaterinhistory.Hanyunotonlyhasgreatskills,butalsohasafantasticstyle.Hestartedthegameasearlyasfiveandwascalledthe“IcePrince”.CocaColaisoneofhisfavoritedrinks.Withwavesofcheersfromtheaudience,SuYimingbaggedgoldinthemen’ssnowboardbigairfinalonFebruary15th.Isthe6thgoldforChinaatthe2022BeijingWinterOlympics.Sufirstpracticedsnowboardattheageof4.Beef,pork,andfisharehisfavorite.Whowastheyoungesttostartwintersports?A．GuAiling. B．WuDajing. C．YuzuruHanyu. D．SuYiming.30．WhatsportistheJapanesesportsmangoodat?A．Freeskiing. B．Snowboard. C．Figureskating. D．Short-trackspeedskating.31．HowisWuDajingdifferentfromtheothers?A．Hepracticedveryhard. B．Heisasuperstarinwintersports.C．Heusedtobeamodel. D．Henevereatsmeatorhasdrinks.【答案】29．A30．C31．D【解析】本文是一篇說明文，主要介紹了幾位運動員的個人信息。29．推理判斷題。根據文中“GuwasbornintheUS,whereshestartedonthesnowattheageof3.”“Wubecameinterestedinwintersportswhenhewas10.”“Hestartedthegameasearlyasfiveandwascalledthe‘IcePrince’.”以及“Sufirstpracticedsnowboardattheageof4.”可推理出，谷愛凌是最小開始冬季運動的人。故選A。30．推理判斷題。根據文中“Afterwinninggoldin2014and2018,JapaneseYuzuruHanyuhasbeenseenbymanyasthebestfigureskaterinhistory.”可推理出，日本運動員擅長花樣滑冰。故選C。31．細節理解題。根據文中“Hesayshenevereatsmeatorhasdrinks.”可知，吳大靖和其他人的不同之處是他從不吃肉或喝酒。故選D。CIn2018,ScienceMagazineaskedsomeyoungscientistswhatschoolsshouldteachstudents.Mostsaidstudentsshouldspendlesstimerememberingfactsandhavemorespaceforcreativeactivities.AstheInternetgrowsmorepowerful,studentscangetknowledgeeasily.Whyshouldtheyberequiredtocarrysomuchofitaroundintheirheads?Civilizations(文明)developthroughforgettinglifeskillsthatwereoncenecessary.IntheAgriculturalAge,afarmercouldaffordtoforgethuntingskills.Whensocietiesindustrialized,theknowledgeoffarmingcouldbesafetoforget.Nowadays,smartmachineshelpustogetmosthumanknowledge.Itseemsthatwenolongerneedtoremembermostthings.Doesitmatter?Researchershaverealizedseveralproblemsthatmayhappen.Forone,humanbeingshavebiases(偏見),andsmartmachinesarelikelytoincreaseourbiases.Manypeoplebelievesmartmachinesarenecessarilycorrectandobjective(客觀的),butmachinesaretrainedthrougharepeatedtestingandscoringprocess(過程).Intheprocess,humanbeingsstilldecideonthecorrectanswers.Anotherproblemrelatestotheease(容易)ofgettinginformation.Whentherewerenocomputers,effortswererequiredtogetknowledgefromotherpeople,orgotothelibrary.Weknowwhatknowledgeliesinotherbrainsorbooks,andwhatliesinourheads.Buttoday,theInternetgivesustheinformationweneedquickly.Thiscanleadtothemistakenbelief—theknowledgewefoundwaspartofwhatweknewallalong.Inanewcivilizationrichinmachineintelligence(智慧),wecaneasilygettosmartmemorynetworkswhereinformationisstored.Butdependencyonanetworksuggestspossibilitiesofbeingharmedeasily.Thecollapseofanyofthenetworksofrelationsourhealthdependsupon,suchasfoodandenergy,wouldproduceterribleresults.Withoutfoodwegethungry;withoutenergywefeelcold.Anditisthroughwidespreadlossofmemorythatcivilizationsareatriskoffallingintoadarkage.Weforgetoldwaystofreeuptimeandspacefornewskills.Aslongastheolderformsofknowledgearestoredsomewhereinournetworks,andcanbefoundwhenweneedthem,perhapsthey’renotreallyforgotten.Still,astimegoeson,weslowlybutunquestionablybecomestrangerstofuturepeople.32．Smartmachinesarelikelytoincreaseourbiasesbecause________.A．theygooffcourseintestingandscoring B．wecontrolthetrainingprocessonthemC．weofferthemtoomuchinformation D．theyoverusetheprovidedanswers33．TheeaseofgettinginformationfromtheInternet________.A．freesusfrommakingeffortstolearnnewskillsB．preventscivilizationsfrombeinglostatahighspeedC．misleadsusintothinkingwealreadyknewtheknowledgeD．separatesthefactswehavefromthoseinthesmartmachines34．Theunderlinedword“collapse”inParagraph5probablymeans“________”.A．asuddenfailure B．thebasicrule C．anunhappystart D．theslowdevelopment35．Thewriter’smainpurposeinwritingthispassageisto________.A．questionaboutthestandardsofinformationstorageB．discussourproblemsofcommunicationwithmachinesC．stresstheimportanceofimprovingourrememberingabilityD．remindusoftheriskofdependingonmachinestoremember【答案】32．B33．C34．A35．D【解析】本文是一篇說明文。主要介紹了隨著科技的發展，人們越來越依賴科技，但這也帶來了許多不利之處。32．細節理解題。根據“Manypeoplebelievesmartmachinesarenecessarilycorrectandobjective(客觀的),butmachinesaretrainedthrougharepeatedtestingandscoringprocess(過程).Intheprocess,humanbeingsstilldecideonthecorrectanswers.”可知，機器在訓練的過程中，人類仍然決定正確的答案，因此會增加我們的偏見。故選B。。33．細節理解題。根據“Buttoday,theInternetgivesustheinformationweneedquickly.Thiscanleadtothemistakenbelief—theknowledgewefoundwaspartofwhatweknewallalong.”可知，互聯網會誤導我們認為我們已經知道了這些知識。故選C。34．詞句猜測題。根據“Thecollapseofanyofthenetworksofrelationsourhealthdependsupon,suchasfoodandenergy,wouldproduceterribleresults.”可知，網絡崩潰會產生可怕的后果，因此“collapse”意為“asuddenfailure”。故選A。35．推理判斷題。通讀全文和“nanewcivilizationrichinmachineintelligence(智慧),wecaneasilygettosmartmemorynetworkswhereinformationisstored.Butdependencyonanetworksuggestspossibilitiesofbeingharmedeasily.”可知，在一個新文明中，我們可以很容易地接觸到存儲信息的智能記憶網絡。但對網絡的依賴意味著很容易受到傷害。可見作者寫這篇文章的主要目的是提醒我們依賴機器記憶的風險。故選D。DEarthquakeshappenveryofteninTokyo,butTokyoisnotanunluckycity.ManyspecialparkshavebeenbuiltinTokyotokeeppeoplesafeduringearthquakes.Theseparkslooknothingdifferentfromtheotherparks,butwhenearthquakeshappen,theybecomelife-savingplaces.Manyusefulthingsinthosespecialparkscanmeetpeople’sbasicneeds.Forexample,

itisusuallyhardforpeopletogetwaterafterearthquakes.Inthespecialparks,peoplecangetdrinkingwaterfromthewaterpump(泵).Ifpeopleneedtousetoilets(廁所),theycanchoosespecialtoiletsthatcanbeusedwithoutwater.Also,thehelicopter(直升機)canlandonsquaresorbaseballfieldsandbringfoodorotherthingstopeople.What’smore,ifpeopleneedtocookintheparks,somespecialbenchescanbecomecookingthings.However,thoseusefulthingsarenotenoughforpeopletofaceearthquakes.Themostimportantpartliesintrainingpeople.Theparks,togetherwithfirestationsandthepolice,willtrainwithlocalpeopleattheusualtime.Thiswillletpeoplethinkandmovefasterduringrealearthquakesandletthemprotectthemselvesbetter.So,whatcanwedotoprotectourselvesfromgettinghurtinearthquakes?First,weneedtocheckourfurnitureandmakesuretheywon’tfalldowneasily.Second,whenanearthquakehappens,weneedtostayundertablesordesksandprotectourhead.Third,wecankeepourdooropenandwearcomfortableshoesduringsmallearthquakesinordertogetoutsafely.36．WhatcanwelearnaboutthespecialparksfromParagraph1?A．Thespecialparkscanstopearthquakes.B．Therearen’tenoughspecialparksinTokyo.C．Thespecialparkslookdifferentfromthecommonones.D．Peoplecanbesaferinthespecialparksduringearthquakes.37．Duringearthquakes,peoplecanfind________inthesespecialparks.①drinkingwater

②traditionaltoilets

③personalplanes

④cookingthingsA．①③ B．③④ C．①④ D．②④38．Whyareusefulthings“notenough”forpeople?A．Becausetheycan’tworkwell.B．Becauseself-helpismoreimportant.C．Becausethegovernmentdoesn’thaveenoughmoney.D．Becauseit’shardforpeopletofindthemduringearthquakes.39．Whatisthelastparagraphmainlyabout?A．Howtostaysafeduringearthquakes. B．Whypeopleshouldchecktheirfurniture.C．Howtopreparefordangerbeforeitcomes. D．Whatwouldhappeninanearthquake.40．Wheredoesthisreadingprobablycomefrom?A．Sportsreport. B．Naturemagazine. C．Scienceresearch. D．Travelguidebook.【答案】36．D37．C38．B39．A40．B【解析】本文主要講述了東京的一些很特殊的公園可以在地震時讓人們避難，并滿足人們的基本需求，此外還介紹了一些在地震中保護自己的方法。36．細節理解題。根據“Theseparkslooknothingdifferentfromtheotherparks,butwhenearthquakeshappen,theybecomelife-savingplaces.”可知，當地震發生時，人們在這些特殊公園會更安全。故選D。37．細節理解題。根據“Inthespecialparks,peoplecangetdrinkingwaterfromthewaterpump…What’smore,ifpeopleneedtocookintheparks,somespecialbenchescanbecomecookingthings.”可知，人們在特殊公園里，可以獲得飲用水和做飯。故選C。38．細節理解題。根據“However,thoseusefulthingsarenotenoughforpeopletofaceearthquakes.Themostimportantpartliesintrainingpeople.”可知，人們學會自我幫助更重要一些。故選B。39．主旨大意題。根據“whatcanwedotoprotectourselvesfromgettinghurtinearthquakes?”和本段內容可知，本段主要是介紹了在地震中如何保持安全。故選A。40．推理判斷題。根據“EarthquakeshappenveryofteninTokyo,butTokyoisnotanunluckycity.”和全文內容可知，本文主要講述了東京地震的一些特殊的公園以及如何在地震中保護自己的方法，地震跟自然災害有關，由此推斷，本文可能來自自然雜志。故選B。非選擇題（共50分）四、填空（共15小題，每小題1分，滿分15分）A）根據括號中所給的漢語寫出單詞，使句子意思完整正確，并將答案填寫在答題卡標號為41—45的相應位置上。41．Ourgeographyteachertolduseverything_________（稱重）moreontheearththanonthemoon.【答案】weighs【詳解】句意：我們的地理老師告訴我們地球上的一切都比月球上重。“稱重”weigh，從句表示“地球上的一切都比月球上重”，這是客觀事實，客觀事實從句中仍用現，此處用一般現在時，主語everything后用動詞第三人稱單數形式weighs。故填weighs。42．—Iseveryonehere,Jonathan?—No.Sir.Millieis________.（缺席）【答案】absent【詳解】句意：——所有人都在這里嗎，約翰遜？——不，先生。米萊缺席了。謂語動詞是is，句中缺少表語，根據中文意思，可知這里缺少的是形容詞，形容詞absent“缺席的”。故填absent。43．Hespentasmuchtimeashecould________theproblemsinhislife.（解決）【答案】solving【詳解】句意：他花了盡可能多的時間，解決他生活中的問題。考查動名詞作賓語。spenttimedoingsth“花費時間做某事”，用動名詞作spent的賓語。solve“解決”。故填solving。44．Itseemsthatthebigmealis________cookedforme.(專門地)【答案】specially【詳解】句意：看來這頓大餐是專門為我做的。“專門地”specially，副詞修飾動詞。故填specially。45．Whatgreat________thefiremenhavetofacedangerattheboundarybetweenlifeanddeath!(勇氣)【答案】courage【詳解】句意：消防隊員在生死關頭面對危險時有多么大的勇氣啊！由語境和漢語提示可知，“勇氣”譯成：courage，不可數名詞。故填courage。B）根據句子意思，用括號中所給單詞的適當形式填空，并將答案填寫在答題卡標號為46—50的相應位置上。46．YangZhenning,inhis________(ninety),wasonthelistofthe2021TouchingChinaannualpeople（感動中國年度人物）.【答案】nineties【詳解】句意：楊振寧，在他九十多歲時，被提名為2021年度感動中國年度人物。表示某人幾十多歲這樣的約略年齡，用“inone’s+逢十的基數詞的復數(如tens,twenties,thirties等)”來表達。ninety的復數形式為nineties。故填nineties。47．Manyschoolsarestillclosedinsomeareas________(stop)thespreadofthevirus.【答案】tostop【詳解】句意：在一些地區，很多學校仍然關閉，為了防止病毒傳播。stop動詞，意為“防止”。根據“Manyschoolsarestillclosedinsomeareas...thespreadofthevirus.”可知，此處為動詞不定式作目的狀語，故填tostop。48．Look!Thereisawallet________ontheground.(lie)【答案】lying【詳解】句意：看！地上有一個錢包。lie“躺，位于”，動詞，根據“Thereisawallet...ontheground.”可知，句子是Therebesthdoingsth“有某物正在做某事”的句型，空處應填現在分詞形式lying。故填lying。49．Therewasa(n)_________(please)smellinthefridgebecausemymomkeptthefoodinitforalongtime.【答案】unpleasant【詳解】句意：冰箱里有一股難聞的氣味，因為我媽媽把食物放了很長時間。根據“becausemymomkeptthefoodinitforalongtime”可知食物放久了就會難聞，此處用please的形容詞形式unpleasant表示“令人不快的；不舒服的”，形容詞作定語。故填unpleasant。50．ItisagreatpityofYuanLongping’s_________(die)totheworld.【答案】death【詳解】句意：袁隆平的死對世界來說是一件非常遺憾的事。根據“YuanLongping’s”可知，此處’s為所有格，后跟名詞，die為動詞，名詞為death。故填death。C）根據短文內容，從下面方框中選擇適當的單詞或短語填空，使對話內容完整正確，并將答案填寫在答題卡標號為51—55的相應位置上。breath,moreenergetic,development,weight,fightagainstWhetheryousimplygoforalongwalkinthepark,rideyourbicyclethroughthecountrysideorgotothegym,gettingyourbodymovingwillnotonlymakeyoufeel____51____,butwillalsoimproveyourhealth.Involvingyourselfinanactivitythatmakesyou____52____alittlemoreheavilywillimprovethe____53____ofyourheartandlungsandhelpthemworkbetter.Inaddition,regularexercisewillstrengthenyourmusclesandbonesandwillalsohelpyoukeepahealthybody____54____.Anotheradvantageofexerciseisthatitwillimproveyourbody’simmunesystem(免疫系統),makingyoubetterpreparedto____55____diseases.Sowhatareyouwaitingfor?【答案】51．moreenergetic52．breathe53．development54．weight55．fightagainst【解析】本文介紹了鍛煉的好處。51．句意：無論你只是在公園里長時間散步，騎自行車穿過鄉村還是去健身房，讓你的身體運動不僅會讓你感覺更有活力，也會改善你的健康。feel為連系動詞，后接形容詞作表語。moreenergetic表示“更有活力”。故填moreenergetic。52．句意：讓自己參與到一項活動中來，讓你的呼吸更沉重一些，這將促進你的心肺的發育，并幫助它們更好地工作。makesb.dosth.表示“使某人做某事”，breathe表示“呼吸”，動詞。故填breathe。53．句意：讓自己參與到一項活動中來，讓你的呼吸更沉重一些，這將促進你的心肺的發育，并幫助它們更好地工作。根據“...ofyourheartandlungsandhelpthemworkbetter.”可知運動會改善心肺功能。the后接名詞，development表示“發育”。故填development。54．句意：另外，有規律的鍛煉會增強你的肌肉和骨骼，也幫助你保持健康的體重。bodyweight表示“體重”。故填weight。55．句意：鍛煉的另一個好處是會改善你身體的免疫系統，讓你更好的對抗疾病。根據空后“diseases”可知此處指對抗病毒。fightagainst表示“對抗”。故填fightagainst。五、閱讀填空（共20小題，每小題1分，滿分20分）A）閱讀下面短文，根據所讀內容，在文章后第56—65小題的空格里填入一個最恰當的單詞，并將答案填寫在答題卡標號為56—65的相應位置上。注意：每個空格只填1個單詞。Anovelcoronavirus(新型冠狀病毒)spreadinCentralChina’sWuhancitythreemonthsago,morecaseshavebeenreportedinrecentdays.Topreventcatchingtheinfection,herearewhatyoucando:①Wearmasksoutdoors●Itisoneofthemosteffective(有效的)waystoprotectyoufromgettinginfected.●Makesuretowearitproperlybytighteningup(收緊)thenoseclipandpullingthebottomofitoveryourchin(下巴).●Ifyou’renotfeelingwellorhavesymptoms(癥狀)offever,amaskisalsoneededtopreventyoufromspreadinggerms(病菌)toothers.②Coveryourcoughsandsneezewithtissue(紙巾)Coveryourmouthandnosewithatissuewhenyoucoughorsneeze,oryoucancoughorsneezeintoyoursleeve(袖子),butdon’tcoverwithyourhandsdirectly.③Washyourhandsoftenandproperly.Washyourhandswithsoapandrunningwaterthoroughly(徹底地)foratleast15seconds.●Beforeeatingandafterusingthetoilet●Afterreturninghome●Aftertouchinglitter●Aftercontactingwithanimalsorhandling(處理)animalwastes④Strengthenyourimmunesystem(免疫系統)andexerciseregularly(有規律地)●Exerciseisoneofthemostimportantwaystohelpyoustayawayfromcatchinganyinfections(感染).●Makesurethatsharedspaceshavebeenairedanddon’tgotocrowdedplacessuchashospitals,railwaystationsandairports.●Avoidclosecontactwithpeoplewhohavefluorcold-likesymptoms.●Eatthoroughlycookedmeatandeggs.Avoidcontactingwithwildanimalsorfarmedlivestock(家畜)withoutanyprotection.___56___tokeepyourselfsafefromanovelcoronavirus?IntroductionAnovelcoronavirusspreadinCentralChina’sWuhancityamonthago,morecaseshavebeenreportedinrecentdays.