高二英語(yǔ)人教版選擇性必修一課時(shí)作業(yè)（2）Unit1PeopleofachievementLearningaboutLanguage

20202021學(xué)年高二英語(yǔ)人教版(2019)選擇性必修第一冊(cè)同步課時(shí)作業(yè)(2)Unit1LearningaboutLanguage一、填空1.Besuretorevieweverythinginthesection,includingtables,graphs,andc_________(圖表).2.Ihelpotherscientiststopredictwherelavafromthevolcanowillf_________(流動(dòng))nextandhowfast.3.Hisfirstn_________(小說(shuō))hasreceivedgoodreviewssinceitcameoutlastmonth.4.Whateverourc_________(狀況)are,wegenerallystillhavedreams,hopesanddesire.5.Thecriminalscannotescapethenetofjusticeeveniftheyf_________(逃跑)totheremotestersoftheearth.6.Theycametothec_________(結(jié)論)thatnotallthingscanbedonebyaputer.7.Ourcourseisbasedonaspecificproject,oneof_______________aimsistoimprovestudents'prehensiveabilityinEnglish.8.Asyoucansee,inourclassthereare50students,halfofthem_______________(wear)glasses.9.Hemessedtheprojectup,buthebehavedasthoughnothing_______________(happen).10.KirkandIgrewupbeingconstantlymistakenforeachother.As_______________consequence,wewereoftenunfairlypunishedorrewardedbyourteachers.11.Thearticlesummed_______________thenewachievementsmadeinelectronicputers,artificialsatellitesandrockets.12.Sincethenewpresidentcame_______________power,greatchangeshavetakenplaceinthecountry.13.WinningtheNobelPrizeforanyscientistisa_______________(remark)achievement.14.Theteacherpattedher_______________(gentle)ontheshoulderandthenwalkedoutoftheclassroom.15.ThefamousbookFrankenstein,writtenbyaBritish_______________(novel),isthefirstworkofsciencefiction.二.閱讀理解

DonnaStricklandwasawardedthe2018NobelPrizeinPhysicsjointlywithArthurAshkinandGerardMourou.It'sthefirsttimein55yearsthatawomanhaswonthisfamousprize,butwhyhasittakensolong?Welookatfiveotherpioneeringfemalephysicists——pastandpresent——whoactuallydeservetheprize.

JocelynBellBurnell

Perhapsthemostfamoussnub(冷落):thenstudentBelldiscoveredthefirstradiopulsarsin1967,whenshewasaPhDstudentatCambridge.TheNobelPrizethatrecognisedthislandmarkdiscoveryin1974,however,wenttohermalesupervisor,AntonyHewish.Recentlyawardeda￡2.3millionBreakthroughPrize,whichshegaveawaytohelpunderrepresentedstudents,shejokedtoTheGuardian,"IfeelI'vedoneverywelloutofnotgettingaNobelPrize."

LeneHau

HauisbestknownforleadingtheresearchteamatHarvard

VeraRubin

Rubindiscovereddarkmatterinthe1980s,openingupanewfieldofastronomy.Shediedin2016,withoutrecognitionfromthemittee.

ChienShiungWu

Wu's"Wuexperiment"helpeddisprovethe"lawofconservationofparity".Herexperimentalworkwashelpfulbutneverhonoured,andinstead,hermalecolleagueswonthe1957NobelPrizebehindthestudy.

LiseMeitner

Meitnerledgroundbreakingworkonthediscoveryofnuclearfission.However,thediscoverywasacknowledgedbythe1944NobelPrizeinChemistry,

which

waswonbyhermalecolead,OttoHahn.1.WhenwasthediscoveryofradiopulsarsrecognisedbytheNobel?A.In1944. B.In1967. C.In1974. D.In1980.2.WhichwomanismostlikelytowinaNobelPrizelateraccordingtothetext?A.DonnaStrickland. B.JocelynBellBurnell.C.LeneHau. D.VeraRubin.3.Whatdoweknowaboutthefivefemales?A.Thefivefemalescientistsdidwellinchemistry.B.VeraRubinhadopenedupanewfieldingeometry.C.LiseMeitner'steacherwonaNobelPrizeforherwork.D.Thefivefemalescientistshaven'tbeenawardedNobelPrize.三.完形填空

Alittleboyalmostconsideredhimselfasthemostunfortunatechildintheworldbecauseaterribleillnessmadehisleglame(瘸的).He

1

playedwithhisclassmates;whentheteacheraskedhimtoanswerquestions,healways

2

hisheadwithoutaword.

Onespring,theboy'sfathergotsomesaplings(樹(shù)苗)andtoldhis

3

toplantoneeachperson.Thefatheralso

4

tobuyafavouritegiftforwhoevergrewbest.Theboyalsowantedtogethisfather's

5

Butseeinghisbrothersandsisterscarrywateractively,helost

6

Soafterwateringitonceortwice,henever

7

it.

Afewdayslater,whenthelittleboywenttoseehistreeagain,hewas

8

tofindthatitappearedgreenerandstrongerthanhissisters'andbrothers'.Hisfather

9

hispromise,andsaidthathewouldsurelybeeanoutstandingbotanist(植物學(xué)家)whenhe

10

up.

Fromthenon,thelittlehoyslowlybecame

11

.Onenight,hesuddenlyrecalled

whatthe

12

teacheroncesaid:Plantsgenerallygrowatnight.Thenhecametothecourtyardandunexpectedlyfoundhisfather

13

underhistreewithabigspoon.Suddenly,heunderstoodhisfatherhadbeensecretlywateringhissmalltree!

Decadespassed.Thelittleboydidn'tbeeabotanist,buthewaselectedPresidentoftheUnitedStates.HisnamewasFranklinDelanoRoosevelt.

14

isthebestnutrition(營(yíng)養(yǎng))

of

life;evenifitisjustonespoonfulofclear

?

15

,itcanmakethetreeoflifelively.1.A.always B.seldom C.frequently D.sometimes2.A.lowered B.raised C.kept D.nodded3.A.daughters B.sons C.children D.neighbours4.A.demanded B.promised C.agreed D.wished5.A.gift B.praise C.tool D.help6.A.touch B.sight C.heart D.face7.A.lookedafter B.lookedfor C.lookedaround D.lookedinto8.A.disappointed B.excited C.worried D.surprised9.A.changed B.made C.kept D.broke10.A.grew B.woke C.gave D.stayed11.A.hopeless B.optimistic C.guilty D.generous12.A.history B.physics C.chemistry D.biology13.A.working B.resting C.sleeping D.singing14.A.Help B.Love C.Work D.Promise15.A.sand B.soup C.soil D.water答案以及解析一、1.答案：charts解析：句意:一定要復(fù)習(xí)本節(jié)中的所有內(nèi)容,包括表格、圖和圖表。2.答案：flow解析：句意:我?guī)椭渌茖W(xué)家預(yù)測(cè)火山熔巖下一步將流向何處以及流動(dòng)的速度。3.答案：novel解析：句意:自從上個(gè)月出版以來(lái),他的第一部小說(shuō)收到了好的評(píng)論。4.答案：circumstances解析：句意:不管在什么情況下,我們?nèi)匀挥兄鴫?mèng)想、希望和渴望。5.答案：flee解析：句意:罪犯就是跑到天涯海角,也逃不出法網(wǎng)。6.答案：conclusion解析：句意:他們得出結(jié)論,計(jì)算機(jī)并不能做所有的事。7.答案：whose解析：句意為:我們的課程是基于一個(gè)特定的項(xiàng)目,它的目標(biāo)之一是提高學(xué)生的英語(yǔ)綜合能力。逗號(hào)后是定語(yǔ)從句,關(guān)系詞在定語(yǔ)從句中作定語(yǔ)修飾aims,所以應(yīng)用關(guān)系代詞whose。8.答案：wearing解析：句意為:如你所見(jiàn),我們班有50名學(xué)生,其中一半戴眼鏡。此處“halfofthem+非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞”構(gòu)成獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu);wear與其邏輯主語(yǔ)halfofthem之間是主動(dòng)關(guān)系,所以應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在分詞。故填wearing。9.答案：hadhappened解析：句意為:他把計(jì)劃搞砸了,但他表現(xiàn)得好像什么事也沒(méi)發(fā)生。asthough在此引導(dǎo)方式狀語(yǔ)從句,從句要用虛擬語(yǔ)氣;根據(jù)主句時(shí)態(tài)為一般過(guò)去時(shí)可知,此處是對(duì)過(guò)去情況的虛擬,從句應(yīng)用過(guò)去完成時(shí)。故填hadhappened。10.答案：a解析：句意為:柯克和我從小到大一直被誤認(rèn)為是對(duì)方。因此,我們經(jīng)常受到來(lái)自我們老師的不公平的懲罰或獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)。asaconsequence意為“結(jié)果”,為固定短語(yǔ)。故填a。11.答案：up解析：句意為:這篇文章總結(jié)了在電子計(jì)算機(jī)、人造衛(wèi)星和火箭方面取得的新成就。sumup為固定搭配,意為“總結(jié);概述”。故填up。12.答案：to解析：句意為:自從新總統(tǒng)上臺(tái)以來(lái),這個(gè)國(guó)家發(fā)生了巨大的變化。etopower意為“上臺(tái);執(zhí)政”,為固定搭配。故填to。13.答案：remarkable解析：句意為:對(duì)任何一位科學(xué)家來(lái)說(shuō),獲得諾貝爾獎(jiǎng)都是一項(xiàng)非凡的成就。設(shè)空處作定語(yǔ),修飾名詞achievement,應(yīng)用形容詞。故填remarkable。14.答案：gently解析：句意為:老師輕輕地拍了拍她的肩膀,然后走出了教室。設(shè)空處修飾動(dòng)詞patted,應(yīng)用副詞。故填gently。15.答案：novelist解析：句意為:著名的《科學(xué)怪人》由一名英國(guó)小說(shuō)家創(chuàng)作,是第一部科幻小說(shuō)。設(shè)空處前有不定冠詞a及British修飾,根據(jù)設(shè)空處前的writtenby可知,設(shè)空處指“小說(shuō)家”。故填novelist。二.答案：13CCD解析：1.細(xì)節(jié)理解題.根據(jù)JocelynBellBurnell段落中的thenstudentBelldiscoveredthefirstradiopulsarsin1967,whenshewasaPhDstudentatCambridge.TheNobelPrizethatrecognisedthislandmarkdiscoveryin1974,可知射電脈沖星(radiopulsars)最初在1967年被發(fā)現(xiàn),其發(fā)現(xiàn)被授予諾貝爾獎(jiǎng)是在1974年.故選C項(xiàng).2.細(xì)節(jié)理解題.根據(jù)LeneHau段落中的OftentoppingNobelPrizepredictionlists,可知萊娜·豪經(jīng)常位居諾貝爾獎(jiǎng)?lì)A(yù)測(cè)名單榜首,她最有可能獲諾貝爾獎(jiǎng).故選C項(xiàng).3.推理判斷題.根據(jù)第一段總述中It'sthefirsttimein55yearsthatawomanhaswonthisfamousprize,butwhyhasittakensolong?Welookatfiveotherpioneeringfemalephysicistspastandpresentwhoactuallydeservetheprize.可知唐娜·斯特里克蘭是五十五年來(lái)第一個(gè)獲諾貝爾物理學(xué)獎(jiǎng)的女性,而文中介紹的五位女科學(xué)家都應(yīng)該獲得這個(gè)獎(jiǎng),但由于各種原因未能獲獎(jiǎng).故選D項(xiàng).三.答案：15BACBA610CADCA1115BDABD解析：1.根據(jù)上句Alittleboyalmostconsideredhimselfasthemostunfortunatechildintheworldbecauseaterribleillnessmadehisleglame.可知,一個(gè)小孩因?yàn)橥热扯J(rèn)為自己是世界上最不幸的孩子,說(shuō)明他:自卑,很少和同學(xué)一起玩.故選B項(xiàng).2.根據(jù)上文可知小男孩很自卑,再由空后的hisheadwithoutaword可知,當(dāng)老師提問(wèn)他的時(shí)候,他總是低著頭一言不發(fā).故選A項(xiàng).3.根據(jù)空后的toplantoneeachperson和后文的Butseeinghisbrothersandsisters可知,這位父親告訴他的孩子們每人種一棵.故選C項(xiàng).4.根據(jù)下文的Hisfather___hispromise可知,這位父親還作出了承諾,給種得最好的那個(gè)孩子買(mǎi)禮物.故選B項(xiàng).5.根據(jù)上句Thefatheralso___tobuyafavouritegiftforwhoevergrewbest.可知,父親答應(yīng)給種得最好的孩子買(mǎi)禮物,這個(gè)男孩也想要禮物.故選A項(xiàng).6.根據(jù)空前的Butseeinghisbrothersand